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The study has demonstrated the synergistic action of chemical stimulation and electric current exposure, and the existence of windows for cellular activation status, exposure time, current density and modulation frequency.

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It has been reported that magnetic fields with flux densities ranging from microT to mT are able to induce heat shock factor, HSP72 mRNA or heat shock proteins in various cells. In this study we investigated changes in the HSP72 mRNA transcription level in three cell lines (HL-60, H9c2, and Girardi heart cells) and in the intracellular HSP72 protein content in two cell lines (HL-60 and Girardi heart cells) after treatment schemes using electromagnetic fields with a flux density of 2 microT to 4 mT, a frequency of 50 Hz and exposure times from 15 to 30 min. None of the treatments or modalities showed any significant effect on the HSP72 protein level, although HSP72 mRNA could be induced, at least to some extent, with one of the parameter combinations in all cell lines tested. Obviously, HSP72 mRNA transcription and translation are not necessarily coupled in certain cells. This leads to the conclusion that electromagnetic field effects on HSP72 mRNA levels are not indicative for downstream effects unless increased mRNA levels can be correlated with increased HSP72 protein levels as well.