Scores from the Low Back (Lb) and the Dorsal (DOR) scales of 20 patients with functional low back pain, 20 patients with functional gastrointestinal pain, and 20 psychoneurotic patients were compared. Among the various proposed cut-off scores, the Lb score of 11 yielded the highest rate (75%) of correct identification of Low Back patients and a hit rate similar to those reported in previous studies. However, it was noted that this 75% hit rate did not achieve statistical significance. Furthermore, the data indicated that neither the Lb nor the DOR scales could differentiate the Low Back patients from other psychosomatic and psychiatric patients and suggested that these two scales should be used with extreme caution by clinicians.
Administered the Low Back (Lb) Scale, a special derivative of the MMPI, to 20 patients with functional low back pain and 20 patients with verifiable organic evidence for their low back complaints. The Social Desirability Scale also was administered in order to assess the test‐taking attitudes of the patients. The two groups of patients were equated in terms of age and sex. The results revealed no significant differences between the functional and organic patients in scores on the Lb Scale and on the Social Desirability Scale. The findings, which were consistent with other recent studies of the Lb Scale, stiongly suggested that the clinical usefulness of this scale is highly questionable.
The effects of paint sniffing upon neuropsychological test performance were examined by employing 20 sniffers and 20 comparable nonsniffers. The data revealed that sniffers were significantly lower than the control subjects in the performance of 11 of the 13 test measures, including tests of motor speed, auditory discrimination, visuomotor functioning, and memory. An important finding was the relation found between duration of paint sniffing and level of test performance. According to the results, the longer a person had been involved in paint sniffing, the lower the performance on the neuropsychological tests.
Neuropsychological test data, including the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, the Wide Range Achievement Test, and the Reitan Indiana Neuropsychological Test Battery, were collected on 31 children in the 6-to 8-year-old range with a history of serious illness or trauma suspected of causing brain injury. These children with questionable brain disorder were compared with a similar group of 31 children who had no history of possible brain disorder. Results showed that 10 of the neuropsychological variables significantly differentiated children with questionable brain disorder from normals. Stepwise discriminant function analyses revealed that a select battery of five variables had a classification accuracy rate of 72.6%. The data showed noteworthy deficits in children with questionable brain disorder, particularly in motor and visual-motor abilities and in functions involving the nondominant hand.Numerous studies about the psychological effects of brain disorders in young children have been reported, but only a few investigators have provided both extensive psychometric data and well-documented medical information regarding children with brain disorders. Two such research efforts (Klonoff, Robinson, & Thompson, 1969;Reitan, 1974) provided comprehensive neuropsychological examinations of children in the S-to 8-yearold range with well-defined brain lesions, along with comparisons with normal children in the same age range. The results of each of these investigations indicated that brain injury in young children results in serious and widespread intellectual, sensory-perceptual, and motor impairment.In the above studies, profound psychological differences were associated with profound cerebral disorders suffered by impaired children, for example, those with cerebral tumor, cerebrovascular accident, encephalitis. Much more frequently, children seen by practitioners do not have such clear-cut brain lesions, but rather they have a history of a serious illness or trauma suspected of causing brain injury. Two investigations (Graham, Requests for reprints should be sent to William
The Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities (ITPA) was administered to 15 children with learning difficulties, ranging from 6 through 8 years of age, who had questionable brain disorder as a result of a history of a serious illness or trauma involving possible brain injury. A comparable group of 15 children with learning difficulties but with no such history of possible brain disorder was employed. Results of t tests revealed that the performance of young children with questionable brain disorders was inferior to those of young children with no brain disorder on all 11 ITPA subtests. The effects of brain disorder on visually mediated functions are discussed along with previous similar and conflicting data.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.