Various isolates of Cacao Swollen Shoot Virus (CSSV) were detected without difficulty in leaves of Theohroma cacao L. by ELISA and immunosorbent electron microscopy (ISEM) using an antiserum to severe strain lA. Many isolates were detected with relatively high values at dilutions of 1 :30, whereas some other isolates were hardly or not at all detected at this dilution. Strain lA was detected at dilutions of up to 1 :2560 of crude leaf extracts. All isolates yielding high reactions seem to be serologically closely related to strain lA. Strains of the mottle-leaf type (AD 191, AD 196, AD 7, AD 36, AD 135, Kpeve) and others were poorly detected; their relationship to strain lA is discussed. A close correlation was found between results obtained by ELISA and ISEM.
ZusammenfassungNachweis und Vergleich verschiedener ghanaischer Isolate des Cacao Swollen Shoot Virus (CSSV) mit ELISA und IEM unter Verwendung eines Antiserums gegen den CSSV-Stamm IA Verschiedene CSSV-Isolate wurden in Kakaoblattern {Theohroma cacao L.) unter Verwendung von Antiserum gegen den CSSV-Stamm lA mit ELISA und Immunosorbent Electron Microscopy (ISEM) sicher nachgewiesen. Viele Isolate waren in wenig verdlinntem Rohsaft (1 :30) mit hohen Werten, andere dagegen nicht oder nur sehr schwach nachweisbar. Der CSSV-Stamm IA reagierte in Rohsaft noch bis zur Verdunnung von 1 :2560 deutlich. Die Isolate AD 191, AD 196, AD 7, AD 36, AD 135 und Kpeve waren trotz starker Symptomausbildung nicht zuverlassig nachweisbar. Dies ist durch deren sehr niedrige Viruskonzentration bei gleichzeitigem serologischen Unterschied zum U.S. Copyright Clearance Center Code Statement: 003 l-9481/85/1401-0079$02.50/0 ^0 SAGEMANN, LESEMANN, PAUL, ADOMAKO and Owusu Siamm iA bedingt. In symptomlosen Blattbereichen infizierter Kakaoblatter der anfalligen Sorte Amelonado konnte der CSSV-Stamm lA nieht mit dem ELISA nachgewiesen werden. Das Virus diirfte daher im Wirt sehr ungleichmafiig verteilt sein (vgl. auch: DALE 1962). Zwischen den Ergebnissen des ELISA und ISEM bestand eine gute Korrelation.
Cacao swollen shoot virus (CSSV) was readily detected in different parts of Theobroma cacao using the ELISA technique. Different plant tissues contained varying amounts of CSSV; highest concentrations were found in leaf lamina. Methods to preserve the serological activity of CSSV were evaluated, and best results obtained with samples stored in a buffer or freeze‐dried.
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