as it were, if the emotional tone between the individuals concerned changes from unpleasant to pleasant. (In this and in other respects Schapera is aware that individuals are concerned.) A supernormal device for venting aggression has all the advantages of exaggerated clarity over natural methods of venting aggression in a cultural study that a neurotic individual has over a normal individual in a clinical study.If the contributions to this volume can be fairly grouped under four headings, as suggested, then the last essays give the volume its distinctive tone. One feels that no group of representative anthropologists would have devoted such a proportionately great interest to psychological implications in culture in any preceding decade. Yet it is easy to overestimate the pervasiveness of this new and growing interest; the older perspectives remain in anthropology and are represented in this volume. All told, the essays presented to, and in several cases confessedly stimulated by Professor Seligman leave no major field in cultural anthropology untouched.C. F. VoEGELIN The title covers three papers labeled as parts of the publication. While directed to the bio-climatic phase, each is concerned, in whole or in large part, with fundamentals of tree-ring studies as developed by Douglass over a period of nearly four decades-studies which are well-known to anthropology because of their highly successful application to the chronological problems of Southwestern archaeology and the promise of their extension into other areas.The whole superstructure of dendrochronological research rests on the precise dating of the rings and the identification of this dating in tree after tree. Part I is a detailed description of the methodology and elementary principles involved in the dating of tree-ring sequences-from primary considerations up to and including the building of chronologies through the use of archaeologic material. These have been described often and in various contexts by Douglass and his students: the value of the present exposition lies in the emphasis on details of procedure. It is, in brief, a scholarly primer, replete with excellent illustrations, for those who would seriously investigate the mechanics of tree-ring dating, and as such it is to be highly recommended. However, it should be noted that consistent with the author's orientation toward the bio-climatic aspects of the study, auxiliary points of special interest to the archaeologist-dendrochronologist are not discussed. A condensed edition, which lacked some of the accessory detail but which is superior in continuity, had appeared previous1y.l Part I1 describes the dissection of a ponderosa pine as a study of ring (pattern)
F o R II WOR I)H E object of this paper is to present some data about an area of which T the archaeology is practically unknown. Since in a short essay it is impossible to cover all phases, it is limited to the physiography in its relation to the archaeological sites and to pottery, for I believe these and architecture are the three most important features in an introductory study of the archaeology of a Pueblo district at the present time. So little excavation has been clone that a worthy presentation of the local architecture is out of the question; and though there is excellent stone work in the area, this, too, must take a subordinate position.The compilation of the data has been made possible through the generous help of the amateurs of the district. I am particularly obliged to Mr. and Mrs. R. B. Alves of El Paso, who gave me unlimited access to their extensive collections and escorted me to many of the sites. I owe much to Mrs. G . Windsor Smith of El Paso, and to Mr. L. A. Cardwell of Las Cruces. Also, I wish to thank the personnel of the El Paso Public Library, Mr. John Stuart of Mesilla Valley, Mrs. James of Dofia Ana, Mrs. Olmstead of Lincoln, and Mr. Bonnell of the Ruidosa, for their courtesies and aid. Finally, I wish to estend to Mr. C. B. Cosgrove my appreciation for the use of plates of several artifacts which he uncovered, and to thank L)r. Byron Cummings and Mr. E. W. Haury for their valuable aid and criticism.
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