A method for presenting cathode emission data has been developed which yields cathode performance curves i n a convenient form f o r t h e cathode engineer, design engineer, and end user. The curves provide important diagnostic information not previously available which characterizes cathode emission performance over t h e e n t i r e range of operation and indicates defects i n device fabrication. Direct comparisons of measurements on cathodes of various size and vehicle configuration are possible due t o t h e normalized form of t h e performance curves.Construction of the curves and t h e i r interpretation are discussed.
To obtain an octave of instantaneous bandwidth in a coupled-cavity TWT, the circuit must exhibit sufficiently low dispersion over a corresponding "cold" bandwidth. Gain flatness over the "hottt bandwidth must also be assured along with electronic stability. Design concepts capable of meeting these needs, and supported by analytical and cold-test results, are introduced.A coupled-cavity structure meeting the coldbandwidth and dispersion requirements was developed with little difficulty. Within the band, a 2n-point backward-wave instability requires suppression by nonreciprocal means. Ferrimagnetic spheres internal to the circuit can promote stability through a combination of backward-wave absorption and diminished backwardwave Pierce impedance near the selected frequency. Alternatively, novel external circuitry directionally coupled to the side of the TWT can create an effective ttsevertt affecting only backward waves at the selected frequency.
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