Abstract:Lately, there has been increased interest in hybrid excitation electrical machines. Hybrid excitation is a construction that combines permanent magnet excitation with wound field excitation. Within the general classification, these machines can be classified as modified synchronous machines or inductor machines. These machines may be applied as motors and generators. The complexity of electromagnetic phenomena which occur as a result of coupling of magnetic fluxes of separate excitation systems with perpendicular magnetic axis is a motivation to formulate various mathematical models of these machines. The presented paper discusses the construction of a unipolar hybrid excitation synchronous machine. The magnetic equivalent circuit model including nonlinear magnetization curves is presented. Based on this model, it is possible to determine the multi-parameter relationships between the induced voltage and magnetomotive force in the excitation winding. Particular attention has been paid to the analysis of the impact of additional stator and rotor yokes on above relationship. Induced voltage determines the remaining operating parameters of the machine, both in the motor and generator mode of operation. The analysis of chosen correlations results in an identification of the effective control range of electromotive force of the machine.
The paper presents the basics of the theory of electropiezoelasticity and adaptation of this
theory to description of the simplest electromechanical converters − piezoelectric type electric motors.
Because piezoelectricity and elasticity are coupled by complex piezoelasticity constitutive compounds,
the formulation of a general mathematical model for these motors is not possible. Therefore, equations
for structurally simple piezoelectric motors with linear and rotational motion have been formulated
in the paper. Motors with linear movement are characterized by a flat or tube form. Rotary motors,
on the other hand, have a cylindrical or disc-shaped form.
The electric field, in the adopted forms of piezoelectric motors generating a piezoelectric effect, is
a single-field perpendicular to the direction of motion.
The determined equations could be simplified by reduction of some constitutive parameters, but it
requires a detailed analysis of material compounds and consideration in the interactions of forces
and torques in these motors, also strong piezoelectric stresses, which determine a specific kinetics.
Keywords: piezoelectric motors with translational and rotary motion, equations of electric-piezoelasticity.
Równania elektropiezosprężystości tarczowego silnika piezoelektrycznego Streszczenie. W pracy przedstawiono rozszerzone równania elektropiezosprężystości odniesione do silników piezoelektrycznych. Wyprowadzono równania pola sprężystego i elektrycznego oraz związki konstytutywne dla silnika piezoelektrycznego o konstrukcji tarczowej. Szczególne równania sformułowano dla przypadku najprostszej struktury materiału piezoelektrycznego stosowanego w tych silnikach. .
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