, W. 0. NELSON, AND M. J. WOLIN. Modifications of a device for maintenance of the rumen microbial population in continuous culture. Appl. Microbiol. 12:374-377. 1964.-An improved and simplified apparatus for maintaining the rumen microbial population in continuous culture was constructed. All components were easily obtained from commercial sources or were simple to construct. Mechanical difficulties were minimal, and little attention was needed on the part of the operator. The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content of the cultures (100 to 150 ,ug/ml) varied little during 7 days of continuous culture, and protozoal concentration decreased from 105 per ml to a steady-state level of 2 X 103 per ml in 4 days. Volatile fatty acid and methane production followed the normal in vivo pattern for 7 days of continuous culture. DNA, protozoal concentrations, and fermentation patterns did not significantly change between 4 and 21 days of continuous culture.
The design and use of an apparatus for continuous in vitro cultivation of the mixed bovine rumen microbial population are described. Data relative to the concentrations and proportions of volatile fatty acids produced, methanogenesis, carbon dioxide production, and survival of bacteria and protozoa indicated that an essentially normal in vivo fermentation pattern was maintained in vitro for experimental periods of from 3 to 10 days. The continuous cultures were responsive to major changes in type of feed intake. A change froin grain to hay resulted in increased acetate and decreased propionate production, whereas decreased acetate and increased propionate resulted when feed intake was changed from hay to grain. Methanogenesis, volatile fatty acid production, and the numbers of microorganisms in the cultures were proportional to the amount of feed materials added up to levels calculated to approximate the ini vivo maintenance requirement of the adult bovine.
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