Despite being a complex many-body system, the atomic nucleus exhibits simple structures for certain ‘magic’ numbers of protons and neutrons. The calcium chain in particular is both unique and puzzling: evidence of doubly magic features are known in 40,48Ca, and recently suggested in two radioactive isotopes, 52,54Ca. Although many properties of experimentally known calcium isotopes have been successfully described by nuclear theory, it is still a challenge to predict the evolution of their charge radii. Here we present the first measurements of the charge radii of 49,51,52Ca, obtained from laser spectroscopy experiments at ISOLDE, CERN. The experimental results are complemented by state-of-the-art theoretical calculations. The large and unexpected increase of the size of the neutron-rich calcium isotopes beyond N = 28 challenges the doubly magic nature of 52Ca and opens new intriguing questions on the evolution of nuclear sizes away from stability, which are of importance for our understanding of neutron-rich atomic nuclei
Atomic physics techniques for the determination of ground-state properties of radioactive isotopes are very sensitive and provide accurate masses, binding energies, Q-values, charge radii, spins, and electromagnetic moments. Many fields in nuclear physics benefit from these highly accurate numbers. They give insight into details of the nuclear structure for a better understanding of the underlying effective interactions, provide important input for studies of fundamental symmetries in physics, and help to understand the nucleosynthesis processes that are responsible for the observed chemical abundances in the Universe. Penning-trap and and storage-ring mass spectrometry as well as laser spectroscopy of radioactive nuclei have now been used for a long time but significant progress has been achieved in these fields within the last decade. The basic principles of laser spectroscopic investigations, Penning-trap and storage-ring mass measurements of short-lived nuclei are summarized and selected physics results are discussed. † going to cryogenic temperatures, or enhancing the induced signal by using higher charge states and/or longer accumulation times. Ideal applications for this method are mass measurements of super-heavy element (SHE) isotopes for nuclear structure studies as they are performed at SHIPTRAP [25,26]. SHE are produced in minuscule quantities, and typically have half-lives of hundreds of milliseconds to a few seconds. A proof-ofprinciple experiment is planned at the TRIGA reactor facility TRIGA-TRAP at Mainz University [27] and applications for HITRAP with highly charged ions are foreseen [28]. Requirements for Mass Measurements of Radioactive IonsThe specific requirements for the mass measurements of radioactive ions stem from the parameters of the ions themselves. For example the required sensitivity (depending on the production yield) and measurement speed (depending on the half-life) as well as the envisaged application which dictates the required precision. In order to be meaningful, all measurements should deliver reliable data, hence precise and accurate. The physics requirements can be categorized with the corresponding relative precision as follows:• nuclear structure, δm/m ≈ 1 × 10 −7• nuclear astrophysics, δm/m ≈ 1 × 10 −7/−8 • test of fundamental symmetries, neutrino physics, δm/m ≈ 1 × 10 −8/−9
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.