This analogue study was designed to assess the effects of a therapist's self-disclosure and a physical barrier between therapist and client on subjects' perceptions of the therapist. College students viewed one of four videotaped therapy interactions during which an actor, playing the role of a therapist, did or did not disclose, and where a barrier was or was not present. Students rated the mock therapist on expertness, trustworthiness, and attractiveness. Analysis showed that students rated him higher on trustworthiness and attractiveness when he disclosed than when he did not disclose. Moreover, the mock therapist's disclosure had more effect on students' ratings when a barrier was present than when no barrier was present.
This research assessed the effects of imposition of achievement standards on crank-turning within conditions in which apparent reinforcements were present. Subjects were assigned to one of four experimental conditions: self-imposition of achievement standards, experimenter's imposition of achievement standards, apparatus-feedback control, and baserate control. A steady decline in cranking over the period was noted. Subjects given experimenter's standards cranked faster than did subjects in the baserate condition but did not differ significantly from subjects in the apparatus-feedback condition. Subjects under self-imposition cranked faster than did subjects in any other conditions.
This study assessed the effects of self-awareness enhanced by a mirror on self-disclosure when another person was present. Subjects disclosed more intimately when looking into a mirror than when no mirror was present. Moreover, 40 men disclosed longer than 40 women, women had a higher rate of self-referenced thought units than men, and questions of medium intimacy elicited more intimate disclosures than questions of low intimacy.
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