Temperature effects on cotton yield and fibre properties
of three cotton cultivars were determined.
Plants were grown in pots maintained in growth rooms at varying day and
night temperatures
representing seasonally constant or varying (C) or daily varying (V) regimes.Yield and fibre characters responded to variation of daily
mean and amplitude of temperature.
Mean temperature reduction improved yield components, but
fibre length, uniformity, strength and
micronaire were increased by high, particularly high day,
temperatures. A large daily temperature
amplitude produced an intermediate number of flowers and the lowest retention
percentage.Fruiting and yield were increased by reduction in temperature down to
the threshold mean
temperature of 22°C. However, V-regimes with a low
minimum temperature acted as a further drop
(below 22°C) of temperature and adversely affected these
characters. An adverse effect of low
minimum temperature combined with a moderate day temperature was observed
also on lint
percentage and fibre properties.Varietal differences were more pronounced for highly heritable
characters such as fibre properties,
for which significant interactions between varieties and
temperature also occurred. Differences in
reproductive development were not sufficient to be of much practical importance.
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