The asymmetry in the doublet of a spin coupled to hyperpolarized 13 C has been used previously to measure the initial polarization of 13 C. We tested the hypothesis that a single observation of the 1 H NMR spectrum of hyperpolarized 13 C formate monitors 13 C polarization. Depending on the microwave frequency during the polarization process, in-phase or out-of-phase doublets were observed in the 1 H NMR spectrum. Even in this simple two-spin system, 13 C polarization was not reflected in the area of the J CH doublet due to strong heteronuclear cross-relaxation. The Solomon equations were used to model the proton signal as a function of time after polarization and to estimate 13 C polarization from the 1 H NMR spectra.
Theists typically think it appropriate to pray to God in the hope that He will thereby intervene in affairs. On the other hand, such prayer is often held to be quite inappropriate for pantheists; a view endorsed by many pantheists themselves. This paper argues for the exact opposite of these positions. It is maintained not only that pantheism can make sense of petitionary prayer but that, despite initial appearances to the contrary, classical theism can not.
Does God knows what it is like to be me? Scripture and religious tradition seem quite clear that God knows everything about us, even the deepest secrets of our hearts. There is nothing hidden from him. And this is an answer backed up by a more philosophical theology; for among the traditional list of divine attributes is omniscience: knowing everything that there is to know. The idea, moreover, seems essential to the ordinary religious consciousness, for how can God really help us, or fairly judge us, unless he knows exactly what things are like for us?
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