Summary:PCR; minisatellite regions; allogeneic bone marrow transplantation It still remains unclear whether patients with mixed hematopoietic chimerism (MC) after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) have an increasedAt present allogeneic BMT (allo-BMT) treatment regimens risk of developing relapse or graft failure. To address are considered to be of advantage in particular malignant this question, we monitored the individual dynamics of and non-malignant diseases. [1][2][3] The success of this treatchimerism after allo-BMT in pediatric patients within ment modality is mainly affected by relapse or graft rejeca prospective case control study. The individual ratio of tion. Factors responsible for relapse and/or graft rejection donor to recipient peripheral white cells was determined may be insufficient conditioning regimens or a deficient by quantification of genomic variable number of tangraft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect due to decreased dem repeats (VNTRs) with a polymerase chain reaction amounts of donor effector cells or to their functional inef-(PCR) approach. Within the study period from 1 Janufectiveness. In order to evaluate the individual risk for ary 1994 until 1 July 1996 we investigated 50 sequences relapse or graft rejection in correlation to the chimerism of 46 pediatric patients after allo-BMT (32 with maligstatus after allo-BMT, various studies on this subject have nant, 18 with nonmalignant diseases). We found combeen performed previously. [4][5][6][7] Several studies on patients plete chimerism (CC) in 34/50 cases, MC in 12/50 folsuffering from severe aplastic anemia (SAA) or chronic low-ups and 4/50 patients revealed autologous recovery myelogenous leukemia (CML) gave evidence that the risk (AC). Eight of 12 patients with MC showed increasing of relapse or graft failure was increased when MC was autologous patterns and subsequently relapsed or detectable after allo-BMT. 8,9 However, the prognostic value rejected their graft, 3/12 showed decreasing amounts of to predict relapse after MC detection for patients with acute recipient DNA and turned to CC upon further followleukemias remains controversial. 4,9,10 The conflicting up. One patient of 12 who had severe combined results in the literature might be explained on the basis of immunodeficiency (SCID), attained engraftment with a the experience that relapses from acute leukemias generally stable MC pattern. Three patients of 34 with CC develop within a shorter time period in comparison to cases relapsed lacking a transitional MC interval. However, with chronic leukemias. Therefore, studies with relatively the time span between last CC confirmation and relapse long intervals in patient follow-up may have missed the in each of these three patients was 6 months or longer.critical and transient stage of MC. The hypothesis of a critiWe suggest that these patients also developed a stage of cal and transient stage of mixed chimerism was tested transitional MC but that the critical timepoint of molwithin a prospective study of patients a...

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Summary:Neither resting nor stimulated isolated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes did bind or ingest preformed complexes of a r prpteinase Inhibitor and unlabeled/ 125 I-labeled human leukocyte elastase. In contrast, granulocytes bound unlabeled/ 125 I-labeled elastase and the extent of binding was reduced in the presence of respirätory burst stimulators, such äs 4ß-phorbol 12ß-myristate 13a-acetate, E. coli endotoxin, and N^formyl-jL-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine. In association/dissociation and competition Inhibition experiments it was demonstrated that granulöcyte^-elastase binding was specific and saturable. From Scatchard and non-linear regression analysis there was evidence of a two-class receptor model with independent binding sites. Calculated by the non-linear regression method assuming a two-class receptor model the characteristics of the high affinity/low capacity binding site were K! = 216 ± 129 · l O 6 l · mol" 1 (x ± s; n = 3) and Rj = 1.38 ± 0.95 nmol · 1~* corresponding to 0.083 · 10 6 receptors per cell, whereäs the low affinity/ high capacity binding site had the characteristics K 2 = 0.50 ± 0.09 -10 6 l-mol^1 and R 2 = 237 ± 103 nmol · l" 1 corresponding to 14.3 + 6.2 -10 6 receptors per cell. ]Elastase-Bindung in Gegenwart der respiratory burst-Stimulantien 4ß-Phorbol-12ß-myristat-13a-acetat, E. co/rVEndotoxin und Formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanin erniedrigt ist. Aus Assoziations-/Dissoziationsund Kompetitions-Inhibitions-Experimenten geht hervor, daß die Granulocyten-Elastase-Bindung spezifisch und sättigbar ist. Scatchard-und nichtlineare Regressions-Analyse deuten auf ein zweiklassiges Modell unabhängiger Rezeptoren hin. Aus der nichtlinearen Regressionsanalyse ergeben sich unter Annahme eines zweiklassigen Rezeptormodelis die Bindungskonstanten Kj = 216 ± 129 · l O 6 1 · mol' 1 (x ± s; n = 3) und Rj = 1,38 ± 0,95 nmol · l" 1 entsprechend 0,083 · l O 6 Rezeptoren pro Zelle für die hochaffine/niedrigkapazitive Bindungsstelle, während die niedrigaffine/hochkapazitive Bindungsstelle die Konstanten K 2 = 0,50 ± 0,09 • 10 6 l -mol-1 Und R 2 « 237 ± 103 nmol · l^1 entsprechend 14,3 ± 6,2 · 10 6 Rezeptoren pro Granulocyt besitzt. Untersuchungen zur Elastase* und a,i~Proteinaseinhibitor-Elastase-Aufnahme polymorphkerniger Leukocyten und Nachweis eines Elastaserezeptor^Systems

By using a modified Scatchard analysis, statistically significant differences were observed between the receptor affinities of the groups A aiid D, B and D, A and C.The receptor affinities and concentrations were not significantly different between the follicular and the luteal phases. From the data, no inverse correlation between the plasma insulin concentration and receptor binding was seen, i.e. the phenömenon of downiegulation pf insulin receptor concentration with hyperinsulinaemia seemed not to apply to erythrocytes.The present results suggest that insulin binding to erythrocytes is mpdulated preferably or even exclusively by an alteration of receptor affinity and that short-term chariges in insulin binding to erythroeytes are not caused by an alterätion of receptor concentration. Vergleich der Bindung von Insulin an Erythrocyten während und nach Schwangerschaft und in der Proliferationsund der Sekretionsphase des Menstruations-Cyclus

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia represents a rare complication that is associated with a high mortality following heart transplantation. The cases of two heart transplant recipients who developed Pneumocystis pneumonia within the first 3 postoperative months are reported. Both patients had severe clinical symptoms of the disease; the diagnosis was confirmed by bronchoalveolar lavage, and the patients were treated with a combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole. Both patients recovered and are well at the time of this report.

Summary: Specific binding of [ I25 I]insulin to isolated erythrocytes was investigated in four groups of children (A) Healthy children under 10 years of age (n = 20) (B) Healthy children over 10 years of age (n = 13) (C) Diabetic children under 10 years of age (n = 12) (P) Diabetic children over 10 years of age (n = 63)In addition, all diabetic children (n = 75) were subdivided into four groups according to the duration of diabetes (E) <2 years, (F) 2-4 years, (G) 4-6 years, and (H) >6 years By means of a nonlinear regression analysis for the extraction of binding parameters (assuming a single receptor class model with independent receptor sites) and methods of variance analysis, statistically significant differences were observed for the receptor affinities K a (lO 8 1/mol) and the receptor concentrations X 0 (nmol/ ) between groups A and C, B and D, C and D, but not between A and B. The affinities of groups C and D were foüiid to be higher than the coiresponding values of groups A and B, whereas the receptor concentrations exhibited an inverse behaviour.A significant increase of the receptor concentration and decrease of the receptor affinity depending on the duration of diabetes could only be iproved to exist during the first 2 years of the disease. Typ-l-Diabetes Insulinbindung an Erythrocyten bei Kindern mit

The influence of total hormone concentrations on the determination ofhormone/receptor binding datafrom the interaction of erythrocytes and insulin Summary:The interaction of erythrocytes and [ 125 I]insulin/insulin were studied up to a total insulin concentration of 409 / . Assuming a single class receptor model the evaluation of receptor affinity K a and concentration RO may be performed either by non-linear regression analyses with Iteration procedures of Ro, K a and U (nonspecific binding), or by a linear regression analysis of the initial part of the Scatchard plot. Nonlinear fitting of data tö a two class receptor model gives results that are reliable only for the high affinity receptor site. The -definable step of RO determination leads to uncertainties in results determined by the negative cooperativity model. From the results of this investigation and from considerations of signal modulation by receptor occupancy, some recommeiidations have been formulated for the evaluation of binding . parameters; these should contribute to an improvement in the comparability of studies on the interactions of erythrocytes and insulin.

Suminary: The binding of [ 125 I]insulin to isolated erythröcytes from diabetic children (n = 27) before (group a) äs well äs one and five months after changing from porcine to biosynthetic human insulin (groups b and c) was investigated. An analysis of variance of the binding parameters, determined by a nonlinear regression procedure, yielded statistically significant differences between the receptor affinities K a äs well äs between the receptor concenträtions X 0 of the groups a and b* a and c and b and c. Zick, Meyer, von Schütz, Holle, Dwenger, Mitzkat and Hürter: Insulin binding to erythrocytes in children with type-I diabetes a 11