effects of ultrahigh vacuum and temperature on the viability of some spores and soil organisms. Appl. Microbiol. 11:202-210. 1963.-Considerably fewer spores of Bacillus stearothermophilus, B. megaterium, and Clostridium sporogenes were recovered than were spores of B. subtilis var. niger and Aspergillus niger after 4 to 5 days at 53 and 60 C in ultrahigh vacuum. There were no significant differences in the recoveries of these five organisms at 25 C and atmospheric pressure, and after exposure to 25 and-190 C in vacuum. At 60 C, a far greater decrease in viability was demonstrated for B. stearothermophilus, B. megatei-ium, and C. sporogenes in ultrahigh vacuum than at atmospheric pressure. Viable B. subtilis var. niger spores were not detected in an initial 107 spores after retention at 90 C and ultrahigh vacuum, and 104 spores were viable after 5 days at 90 C and atmosplheric pressure from an initial 106 spores. Molds and actinomycetes in soil were particularly resistant up to 69 C in vacuum. Actinomycetes were the only soil organisms recovered so far at 120 C.
Considerably fewer spores of
Bacillus stearothermophilus, B. megaterium
, and
Clostridium sporogenes
were recovered than were spores of
B. subtilis
var.
niger
and
Aspergillus niger
after 4 to 5 days at 53 and 60 C in ultrahigh vacuum. There were no significant differences in the recoveries of these five organisms at 25 C and atmospheric pressure, and after exposure to 25 and -190 C in vacuum. At 60 C, a far greater decrease in viability was demonstrated for
B. stearothermophilus, B. megaterium
, and
C. sporogenes
in ultrahigh vacuum than at atmospheric pressure. Viable
B. subtilis
var.
niger
spores were not detected in an initial 10
7
spores after retention at 90 C and ultrahigh vacuum, and 10
4
spores were viable after 5 days at 90 C and atmospheric pressure from an initial 10
6
spores. Molds and actinomycetes in soil were particularly resistant up to 69 C in vacuum. Actinomycetes were the only soil organisms recovered so far at 120 C.
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