The decomposition of gaseous glyoxal has been investigated from 410° to 450°C. The reaction is homogeneous and first order. Considerable carbon and tar is deposited, however, and the results are erratic. The following three reactions occur to about the same extent: CHO–CHO=2 CO+H2,CHO CHO=C+CO+H2O,CHO CHO=1n (CHO–CHO)n.The results are discussed from the point of view of the occurrence of glyoxal as an intermediate in the oxidation of acetylene.
This paper gives the results obtained when hydrogen peroxide is employed to oxidize malonic, tartronic, succinic, malic, tartaric, maleic and fumaric acids. The rate of reaction for each has been determined and compared with previous findings for other compounds. The mode of oxidation suggests in each case a complex through which decomposition occurs; the rates of reaction indicate the comparability of saturated acids having the same number of carbon atoms, the constancy of mono-hydroxylization in its velocity influence, and the diverse effects of hydrogen ion concentration. The effects of geometrical isomerism and the ethylenic linkage are well-marked. The formation of peracids is to be regarded in the nature of a side-reaction in these oxidations.
Acetaldehyde, when freshly distilled, suffers immediate oxidation on coming into contact with oxygen or air. A compound is produced which in aqueous solution behaves as an organic peracid. This has a pronounced effect upon the subsequent gas-phase oxidation of the acetaldehyde.
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