Large-volume instrumental photon activation analysis (IPAA) was used for the investigation of shredded electronic waste material. Sample masses from 1 to 150 grams were analyzed to obtain an estimate of the minimum sample size to be taken to achieve a representativeness of the results which is satisfactory for a defined investigation task. Furthermore, the influence of irradiation and measurement parameters upon the quality of the analytical results were studied. Finally, the analytical data obtained from IPAA and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), both carried out in a large-volume mode, were compared. Only parts of the values were found in satisfactory agreement.
Nanotechnology V 1505Chemistry of Gold in Silicate Glasses: Studies on a Nonthermally Activated Growth of Gold Nanoparticles. -The activation caused by the reduction of gold ions to atoms as well as the nucleation and the growth of the gold nanoparticles in gold silicate glasses is characterized by UV/VIS spectroscopy, XANES, TEM, and HRTEM. Activation of gold silicate glasses with synchrotron radiation allows spatial reduction of cationic gold. By subsequent annealing, Au clusters with a sharp size distribution are synthesized within a short period of time. With increasing cluster size a red shift of surface plasmon resonance is observed in the extinction spectra. Because of the short wavelength used it should be possible to create nanostructures in glasses with X-ray lithography. This could provide an opportunity for developing nanophotonic devices in glass matrices for optoelectronic circuits, whose surface plasmon resonance could be tuned over a wide range of wavelengths by changing the size and shape of the gold nanoparticles. -(EICHELBAUM, M.; RADEMANN*, K.; MUELLER, R.; RADTKE, M.; RIESEMEIER, H.; GOERNER, W.; Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 44 (2005) 48, 7905-7909; Inst. Chem.,
All of the EDXRS Conferences have focused on the various fields of energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry and related experimental techniques such as x-ray fluorescence analysis (conventional EDXRF, micro-XRF, synchrotron-based XRF and TXRF). The scope of the EDXRS 2002 Conference was extended to encompass wavelength-dispersive methods such as WD-XRF in a dedicated session. Furthermore, in 2002, the relevant components of state-of-the-art XRF instrumentation such as sources, optics and detectors, the important parts of XRF methodology including quantitation and quality control, as well as the various fields of XRF ranging from archaeometric, biomedical, biological, environmental to geological applications, were included.We were happy to welcome 275 participants from over 40 countries at the EDXRS 2002 Conference. The series of invited lectures provided an excellent framework for the scientific program, which consisted of approximately 100 oral and 100 poster contributions covering the entire range of XRS applications and methodological developments. The presenters judged to make the best contribution in each of the three poster sessions were awarded recent books on XRS: Ch. Zarkadas (Greece), L. Gijsels (Belgium) and K. Tsuji (Japan).
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