The elastic properties of four austenitic stainless steels—AISI 304, AISI 310, AISI 316, and A286—are reported over the temperature range 300–4 K. These properties include longitudinal modulus, shear modulus, Young’s modulus, bulk modulus (reciprocal compressibility), Poisson’s ratio, and elastic Debye temperature. Elastic constants were determined from measurements of longitudinal and transverse sound-wave velocities using an ultrasonic (10 MHz) pulse-superposition method. Measurements were made in the absence of a magnetic field; these alloys undergo paramagnetic-to-antiferromagnetic transitions at low temperatures. For all four alloys, the shear modulus behaves regularly with respect to temperature. The other elastic constants, all of which have a dilatational component, decrease anomalously at temperatures below 80 K. The largest anomaly, about 3%, is in the bulk mudulus of the 304 alloy; this modulus is lower at 0 K than at 300 K. Results are interpreted on the basis of the Döring effect, which results from a large volume magnetostriction in the magnetic phase. This may be the first report of a Döring effect in antiferromagnetic materials.

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The third-order elastic constants of hexagonal and cubic structures are related using an extension of a transformation derived by Martin. The transformation is used to calculate the zinc-blende second- and third-order elastic constants of CdS from the experimental wurtzite elastic constants. Also, the transformation is shown to give good results for some face-centered-cubic hexagonal closed-packed polymorphic metals. In particular, the second-order elastic constants of cobalt and thallium in the hexagonal structure are compared with those calculated from cubic elastic constants extrapolated from alloy data, and second- and third-order hexagonal elastic constants of Co-32% Ni are compared with those calculated from cubic elastic constants.