ABSTRACT. Japanese scallop (Mizuhopecten yessoensis) is a coldwater shellfish, and a species of economic importance in China. In this study, we developed and evaluated simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from the expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of M. yessoensis. The characteristics of 12 EST-SSR loci were investigated in 30 individual scallops, and the result revealed that the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2-4, with an observed heterozygosity ranging from 0.0333-0.7692, and an expected heterozygosity ranging from 0.0333-0.6312. Only two loci were found to depart significantly from the HardyWeinberg equilibrium (P < 0.05). The result of our study suggested that these markers could be considered as potential markers for studying the population structure of M. yessoensis and its intraspecific variation. The Japanese scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis is a cold-water shellfish, and its original habitat is distributed across various regions of the world, including the northern part of Japan, the far eastern part of Russia, and the eastern part of the Korean Peninsula. Due to its large body mass, good taste, and nutritional value, M. yessoensis has become a high-value food. In 1983, M. yessoensis was introduced to China from Japan, and since then much research effort has focused on the development of better techniques for cultivating this species of scallop. However, despite increased cultivation, recent declines in quality and yield have prompted many studies on the genetic diversity of M. yessoensis (Wang et al., 2009;Liu et al., 2010) to address concerns regarding its protection and genetic diversity in the hope of preventing a decline in its population.Few studies have used DNA-based methods to study the population structure of M. yessoensis (Sato et al., 2005;Wang et al., 2009). Microsatellite DNAs, also known as simple sequence repeats (SSRs), are short (1-6 bp in length) tandem-repeat sequences that are widely dispersed in eukaryotic genomes. SSRs have been extensively used to study the genetic diversity and population structure of many species because of their high level of polymorphisms, co-dominant inheritance, and distribution throughout the genome (Xu et al., 2010;Yang et al., 2011;Zheng et al., 2012). Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) represent part of the transcribed genome of an organism and are an important resource for identifying microsatellites . In this study, we identified the microsatellites from M. yessoensis ESTs and analyzed the polymorphisms present in the EST-SSRs.The SSRs of M. yessoensis genome were obtained by screening 3009 M. yessoensis ESTs obtained in our laboratory and 4711 M. yessoensis ESTs obtained from GenBank (at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Genbank/). The SSR sequences were identified using the software MISA (http://pgrc.ipk-gatersleben.de/misa/) and 58 of these EST-SSRs were randomly selected for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using M. yessoensis genomic DNA as template. PCR primers were designed using the Primer 5.0 software with default parameters.M. yessoensis genomic D...
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