E Ex xt te en nt t o of f cce en nt tr ri il lo ob bu ul la ar r a an nd d p pa an na ac ci in na ar r e em mp ph hy ys se em ma a i in n s sm mo ok ke er rs s' ' l lu un ng gs s: : p pa at th ho ol lo og gi ic ca al l a an nd d m me ec ch ha an ni ic ca al l i im mp pl li ic ca at ti io on ns s ABSTRACT: In order to quantify the extent of centrilobular (CLE) and panacinar (PLE) emphysema and the degree of the possible overlap between the two forms in smokers, the lungs of 25 smokers undergoing lung resection for peripheral lung tumours were studied. The extent of CLE and PLE was assessed by point counting, and the lungs were classified as having pure CLE (C, n=5), predominant CLE with areas of PLE (CP, n=7), predominant PLE with features of CLE (PC, n=7), and pure PLE (P, n=6) according to the percentage of lung involved by either form. Preoperative pulmonary function tests and the score of inflammation and the diameters of the small airways were also measured.Mean linear intercept (Lm), a measure of mean interalveolar wall distances and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ) were similar in the four groups. Small airway pathology was a predominant feature in lungs with CLE, and was significantly decreased in a stepwise fashion as the amount of PLE increased. This was especially so for the amount of muscle in the airway wall and the diameters of the airways. By contrast, lung compliance was higher in panacinar than in centrilobular emphysema.We conclude that: 1) smokers may reach similar values of airflow obstruction and parenchymal destruction in two completely different ways, developing either centrilobular or panacinar emphysema; 2) these two types of emphysema may be present in pure form or may overlap each other, but one type is always clearly predominant; and 3) the degree of either form has important consequences on the degree of airway abnormality and on the mechanical properties of the lung.
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