The objective of this paper is to introduce a new method for yam-diameter and yarn-evenness measurement. The relationship between the diameter of a yarn with a circular cross-section and the output voltage of a sensor device is first derived. The yarn cross-section is then analyzed and the ellipticity of its best-fit ellipse calculated according to the actual yarn cross-section. A sensor device with two incident heams of light perpendicular to each other is described. It was adopted for yarn-diameter measurement with an elliptical cross-section. Finally, a shapeerror factor (SEF) in terms of the yarn cross-section is defined in order to improve the measurement of yarn evenness.The results show that the cross-sections of ring-spun and open-end-spun (O.E.) yarns are near to an ellipse and have an irregular outline. The ellipticities of the best-fit ellipses for ring-spun and O.E. yarn are 1.09 and 1.07, respectively. If a sensor device possesses one incident light beam, the measurement errors of yarn diameter of ring-spun and O.E. yarns are 2.43% and 2.23%, respectively. However, if a sensor device possesses two incident light beams, the measurement errors of yarn diameter of ring-spun and O.E. yarns can be reduced to 0.47% and 0.43%, respectively. Moreover, the shape-error factors (SEF) of ring-spun and O.E. yarns are 3.56 and 2.87, respectively. When the SEF is adopted, it is shown that the measurement of yarn evenness is effectively improved.
For the wide application in the field of filtration and bio-medicine, the purpose of this study is to design a spinneret module of electro-spun which can produce composite nonwoven with sub-micrometer fiber continually. Applying the principle of melt-blown, a spinneret module with line-type and multi-holes which was assembled with small beads and filtering net, was designed. In order to construct a continual electro-spun production line, a traversal device was designed to control the traverse-motion of spinneret module for the even lapping and a stainless plate was adopted as collecting plate. In condition of 41KV working voltage, 0.3573 mL/min throughput and 42cm CSD (Capillary-Screen-Distance), a continual PEO nonwoven can be produced with average fiber diameter of 576nm and of CV% 13.4%. To a sampling area of 10cm×10cm and basis weight of 7.257 g/m2 electro-spun nonwoven, the CV% of gray level of its image is 2% and its filtration efficiency is up to 91.2% with pressure drop 13.8mm-H20 by TSI 8130 (32LPM, 5% NaCl).
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