The wide dissemination of hip dysplasia among large dogs has led, over the years, to a variety of control programmes. Until now, the diagnostic evaluation of radiographs has been essential for any successful combat against hip dysplasia. Judging procedures differ, although generally within narrow limits. On the continent, the recommendations of the Federation Cynologique Internationale are followed to a large extent. Hip dysplasia has polygenic hereditary traits. Besides the influences of the genes, there are also environmental factors that play a role in the variability of the hip status. Breed schemes have, so far, been based on selection and the partial or total exclusion of affected dogs from breeding. The system applied to German shepherd dogs in West Germany in the last 20 years has proved successful without imposing strict measures.

MEBITALJOSHRNAL (921 Ekbom (1947) using " gynergen "1 reported results similar to our own. It has been our impression that gastro-intestinal side-effects were less marked with migril than with other preparations, but we have no statistically valid evidence to support this view.We are unable to throw any light on the aetiology of this condition. We see no reason why it should be attributed to histamine allergy and it is also difficult to relate it to migraine. In our cases a family history of migraine was rarely obtained, and this would be unexpected if this condition was indeed a variant of the migraine syndrome in which a positive family history is the rule rather than the exception. The age and sex distribution is also somewhat different from that of migraine, many of our patients having had their first symptoms in their forties. Though these are only two facets of the clinical picture, they may be of possible significance in distinguishing this syndrome from migraine. Summary Twenty-eight cases of periodic migrainous neuralgia are reviewed. The cermical picture is described. The average time which elapsed between the onset of symptoms and accurate I Known in Great Britain as " femergen." diagnosis was 6.5 years. Our experiences of treatment using prophylactic migril in 20 patients are discussed. In 14 the response was satisfactory and in six relief was only slight. Two of these patients showed further improvement on prophylactic ergotamine injections. Three patients who failed to respond to oral ergotamine or relapsed responded to methysergide. A plea is made for early diagnosis in this eminently treatable condition.We are grateful to Dr. Henry Miller for allowing us to review a number of patients who were under his care.

SUMMARY The significance of a positive thyroid complement-fixation (c.f.) test in thyrotoxicosis has been investigated by studying the correlation between various features of the disease in 468 patients. A significant correlation was found between the positivity of the c.f. test and (1) the degree of lymphocytic infiltration in the gland; (2) incidence of postoperative hypothyroidism; (3) size of the goitre; (4) previous treatment with radioiodine, and (5) a family history of thyroid disease. No correlation was found between the results of the test and the incidence of reactions to antithyroid drugs. The results suggest that thyrotoxic patients with positive c.f. tests should be treated initially with antithyroid drugs unless there is a definite indication for surgery.

Testamos em 25 cães a aplicação do isobutil-2-cianoacrilato Grupo I=13 e n-butil-a -cianoacrilato Grupo II=12 para anastomose intestinal látero-lateral. As anastomoses foram avaliadas aos 4, 14 e 28 dias de p.o. Observamos macroscópicamente aderência entre o epiploo e a ferida cirúrgica da parede abdominal em ambos os grupos. Comparando os Grupos I e II através o teste t não pareado, estatisticamente não apresentaram diferença significativa (p=0,3624). Ao exame histológico notamos reação inflamatória, granuloma e no seu interior presença do adesivo.
Isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Group I) and n-butyl-a -cyanoacrylate (Group II) were tested in two groups of dogs: Group I=13 dogs and Group II=12 dogs that had intestinal laterolateral anastomosis.The anastomosis were avaluated on days: 4, 14 and 28 after surgery. Adhesions between omentum and the surgical wall wound were grossly observed in both groups. Regarding the presence of adhesions comparing the two groups with unpaired t test, the difference between Group I and II is not significant (p=0,3624). Histology revealed inflammation and granuloma on the anastomosis with the adhesive inside of it both with isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate and n-butyl-a -cyanoacrylate

Testou-se em 25 cães a aplicação do isobutil-2-cianoacrilato (Grupo I) e n-butil-a -cianoacrilato (Grupo II) para anastomose intestinal látero-lateral. As anastomoses foram avaliadas aos quatro, 14 e 28 dias de p.o. Observou-se macroscópicamente aderência entre o epiploo e a ferida cirúrgica da parede abdominal em ambos os grupos. Comparando os Grupos I e II através o teste t não pareado, estatisticamente não apresentaram diferença significativa (p=0,3624). Ao exame histológico notou-se reação inflamatória, granuloma e no seu interior presença do adesivo
Isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate (Group I) and n-butyl-a -cyanoacriylate (Group II) were tested in two groups of dogs: Group I=13 dogs and Group II=12 dogs that had intestinal laterolateral anastomosis.The anastomosis were avaluated on days: 4, 14 and 28 after surgery. Adhesions between omentum and the surgical wall wound were grossly in both groups. Regarding the presence of adhesions comparing the two groups with unpaired t test, the difference between the Group I and II is not significant (p=0,3624). Histology revealed inflammation and granuloma on the anastomosis with the adhesive inside of it both with isobutyl-2-cyanoacrylate and n-butyl-a -cyanoacriylat

No abstract

Einleitung2Die Endokardiose des Hundes ist durch eine Vermehrung der sauren Mucopolysaccharide im Stroma der Atrioventrikularklappen besonders gekennzeichnet. Daneben zeigen licht-und elektronenmikroskopische Aufnahmen, dai3 funktionstuchtige, geordnete Faserelemente degenerieren und un-

A. Einleitung und FragestelIungDer Kreislauf hat die Aufgabe, mit Hilfe seiner fein abgestimmten zentralen und peripheren Regulationsmechanismen die verschiedenen Organe entsprechend ihrem jeweiligen Funktionszustand ausreichend mit Blut zu versorgen und so die erforderlichen Stoffwechselvorgange zu unterhalteii. Diesem Ziel kann das Kreislaufsystem, das vom Hrrzen und den verzweigten Gefiflen gebildet uiid durch besondere nervose Zentren gesteuert wird, nur durch Erhaltung eiiies ausreichenden arteriellen Blutdruckes bei genugendem Herzminutenvolumen gerecht werden. Voraussetzung dafur ist ein der Weite oder dem Spannungszustand der Gefafle angepafltes nutzbares Blutvolumen, das den fur die Herzaktion erforderlichen venosen Ruclrstrom ermoglich.Storungen der Funktion des Herzens, des Regulationssystems oder im Bereich der Gefaflwande sowie ein unzureichendes Zirkulationsvolumen fuhren bei Mensch und Tier zu den verschiedenen Formen der Insuffizienz des Kreislaufes. Dabei wird grundsatzlich eine Herz-und eine Gefiflinsuffizienz unterschieden.Eine Gefaflinsuffizienz, bei der durch anhaltenden mangelhaften Blutzustrom zum Herzen das fur die Sauerstoffversorgung des Organismus erforderliche Minutenvolumen nicht aufrechterhalten werden kann, verursacht mannigfaltige Storungen des Gesamtstoffwechsels, Organveranderungen und schliefllich auch eine sekundare Herzschadigung und den Tod. Dieser Zustand, der im einzelnen wegen der Vielfalt der moglichen pathophysiologischen Reaktionen schwer klar definierbar ist, wird in der Klinik haufig als ,,Schock" bezeichnet. Klinische und experimentelle Untersuchungen uber das Schockproblem haben oft zu verschiedenen und sogar widerspruchsvollen Ergebnissen gefuhrt. Eine allgemein anerkannte prazise Definition des vielgebrauchten Begriffes ,,Schock" fehlt bis heute, so dai3 sich dieser Zustand nicht eindeutig abgrenzen *) Habilitationsschrift. (Die Untersuchungrn wurden im Juni 1957 abgeschlossen.) I. E n t w i c k l u n g d e s B e g r i f f e s , , S c h o c k " Bereits im 16. Jahrhundert beschreibt PARB (1582) einen Zustand, der durch Blasse, kalten Schweii3, nicht palpierbaren Puls, Herzschwache, Sensibilitatsverlust und Bewegungsunfahigkeit gekennzeichnet ist und als Folge traumatischer Insulte aufgefagt wird. Khnliche Erscheinungen sind schon vorher als ,,Scheintod" oder ,,petite mort" beschrieben worden. Bis zum heutigen Tag ist der Strom von Untersuchungen und Arbeiten, die sich mit diesem Symptomenkomplex befassen, nicht mehr versiegt. LE DRAN (1743) wird zugeschrieben, dafur die Bezeichnung ,,choc" eingefiihrt zu haben. Er benutzt diesen Namen mehr zur Kennzeichnung des Unfallereignisses selbst, wahrend in der Folge bereits seit HUNTER (1794) und Experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Bekampfung des Schodrs 517 BELL (1795) die iiber die lokalen traumatischen Veranderungcn hinausgehenden Wirkungen auf den Gesamtorganismus in diesen Begriff eingeschlossen werden. GUTHRIE (1 815) empfiehlt, Operationen erst nach dem Abflauen von Aufregung und ,,shock" vorzunehnen. TRAVERS (1826) ve...