Summary: Reference intervals were established for 10 serum proteins (IgA, IgG, IgM, transferrin, haptoglobin, complement C3, complement C4, otj-acid-glycoprotein, 0. In some cases, after determination of an optimal c, this unusual distribution fitted the data significantly better than the generally used normal or log-normal distribution.
Bestimmung von Referenzbereichen für 10 kinetisch nephelometrisch gemessene Serumproteine unter Berücksich-tigung verschiedener Stichprobengruppen und Verteilungsfunktionen
Summary:therapy and stem cell support appears possible. Peters et al 2,3 reported a 78% overall survival (OS) in this high-risk breast cancer subgroup after high-dose chemotherapy folTwenty-one high-risk patients with primary stage II/III breast cancer were treated with high-dose chemolowed by stem cell support (median follow-up 4.5 years).Gianni et al 4 showed a OS of 78% after 5 years in these therapy comprising etoposide, ifosfamide, carboplatin and epirubicin (VIC-E). Tumor cells of epithelial origin patients. Several authors have suggested that tumour cells present in stem cell transplants may contribute to relapse were analyzed using the monoclonal antibodies CK2 (IgG 1 ) and A45-B/B3 (IgG 1 ) against cytokeratin (CK) in patients treated with high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell support. [5][6][7][8][9] To determine the significance of tumor cell For the present study 21 female patients with high-risk patient number only a trend towards a superior relapsebreast cancer and involvement of seven to nine (three free survival in the patient group with CK negative patients) and 10 or more (18 patients) axillary lymph nodes transplants can be shown by Kaplan-Meier analysis.were used. Informed consent was obtained from all Keywords: tumor cells; peripheral blood stem cell transpatients. All patients had histologically proven resectable plantation; bone marrow; breast cancer breast cancer (19 invasive ductal, two invasive lobular).After an extensive diagnostic program, patients were staged according to the UICC breast cancer classification as folBreast cancer accounts for approximately 30% of all canlows: UICC stage IIA n = 4 (19%), IIB n = 8 (38%), IIIA cers in women. It is one of the most common malignancies n = 5 (24%), IIIB n = 4 (19%). Median age of the patients and the second leading cause of death in women. 1 The 10-at time of primary surgery was 50.8 years . No year relapse rate, increasing with the number of lymph patient had received previous chemotherapy, radiotherapy nodes involved, is about 20% for negative lymph node or immunotherapy. Patient characteristics are shown in stages and greater than 60% in women with one to three Table 1. lymph nodes involved. Patients with stage II/III breast cancer and 10 or more involved axillary lymph nodes can curTreatment rently expect only a 15-20% 10-year disease-free survival. Improvement of treatment outcome with standard-dose Patients were treated with two cycles of induction chemoinduction chemotherapy followed by high-dose chemotherapy with the standard-dose VIP-E regimen, which consisted of etoposide 500 mg/m 2 , ifosfamide 4000 mg/m 2 , cisplatin 50 mg/m 2 and epirubicin 50 mg/m 2 . 13 Mesna uro-
Borna disease virus (BDV) appears to cause meningoencephalitis and schizophreniform psychosis in sporadic cases according to earlier cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inoculation experiments (Rott et al, 1991). However, CSF parameters in BDV seropositive psychiatric patients proved nearly all normal; only the most sensitive CSF/serum index I-BDV for intrathecally produced BDV specific IgG was pathologic in 10.5-29.0% (according to different methodological limits) of patients. An increase in sensitivity was attempted to detect specific IgG in CSF in a part of the cases by concentration. Concentration procedure does not significantly increase methodological bias according to a statistical analysis of the results. Our findings support the hypothesis that BDV may cause or contribute to the pathogenesis of a diagnostically broad pattern of psychiatric syndromes. The occurence of a spectrum of diagnoses is expected from non-specificity of psychiatric symptoms in other infectious diseases of the brain as well as from results in experimental Borna disease (BD) in animals, when a majority of the animals showed rather unspecific symptomatology due to slight, preferentially limbic encephalitis. Slight deficiencies from an earlier BDV infection could explain continuing symptoms in a part of the cases. Recurrences years after infection are well known in experimental and natural BD in animals. It remains open, whether this mechanism could play a more prominent role in a form of "symptomatic" cyclothymia and "symptomatic" schizophrenia, although the results of CSF investigations are more clear in BDV seropositive patients with major psychoses.
A 51-year-old male patient with diabetes mellitus complicated by ketoacidotic imbalance developed a rhinocerebral mucor mycosis that advanced despite early amphotericin B therapy and extensive surgical intervention. The MIC of amphotericin B for the isolated mucor species was 64 mg/l, meaning that in vitro resistance also existed. Only long-term treatment with ketoconazole (600 mg/day, perorally) was successful in curing the disease.
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