Nephrolithiasis or urinary stone disease is a common problem across the world. Ample of research is going on in expedition for extenuating this disease condition. The procedure of preparing stones in the kidney, bladder or urethra is called as Nephrolithiasis. Stones form twice as often in men as women. The characteristic of stones that impede the renal pelvis is unbearable, blinking pain that goes from the flank to the groin or to the genital area and inner thigh. Control diet, use of prescribed medicines, and proper nutrient use can assist in thwart the development of kidney stones. Obe¬sity surge the threat of kidney stones. However, diminish in weight could deterrence of kidney stones if taken with a high ani¬mal protein intake. A vigilant medical and dietary history, stone analysis, serologic tests, and urine analysis comprise the preliminary screening in patients who have been identified with stones. Computed tomography and multi detector computed tomography played vital role in exploration of choice for the characterization of urinary stone disease. The appearance of dual-energy CT has further armoured the pre-eminence of this modality over other imaging techniques in the management of nephrolithiasis. This review is an effort to revitalize the previous data available for nephrolithiasis, basically work on its diagnosis and healing and endow with comprehensive and up-to-date information on area under discussion. This article also put light on synthetic drugs and medicines accessible for the mitigation of nephrolithiasis in the internationally and also discuss a part mentioning risk factors and management of nephrolithiasis.
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