Background: Traditional medicine used Mimosa pudica Linn. for diabetes treatment. This study evaluates the antidiabetic and renoprotective of ethyl acetate fraction of M.pudica leaves on streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice. Methods: The cold maceration method was used to extract M.pudica leaves with 80% ethanol at room temperature. Ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction was obtained from the M.pudica leaves extract by successively partitioning with different solvents. Mice were induced diabetes type 2 by streptozotocin (STZ) at a low dose and treated with EtOAc fraction of M. pudica leaves at 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg b.w for 60 days. After 24 hours of the final dose of therapy, the mice were sacrificed to extract blood and kidney tissues for biochemical and histopathological analysis. Results: The EtOAc fraction of M. pudica leaves showed strong activity in improving glucose concentration in oral glucose tolerance test. Our results showed that EtOAc fraction significantly decreased levels of glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), and increased the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and protected kidney against damages in mice. EtOAc fraction also increased the levels of antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), activities, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) in kidney tissues. Moreover, renoprotective effect was also observed in the histopathological analysis. Conclusion: Our findings support that EtOAc fraction of M. pudica leaves have potent anti-diabetic nephropathy activity by decreasing of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improving antioxidant levels.
Background: Mimosa pudica Linn. has been used in traditional medicine to support the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In the present study, we aimed to isolate and evaluate α-glucosidase and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activities of bioactive compounds from Mimosa pudica’s leaf extract. Methods: Mimosa pudica leaves were extracted with 80% of ethanol. Bioactive compounds were isolated using a column chromatographic technique and elucidated the structure based on the nuclear magnetic resonance and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry spectral data. The α-glucosidase and PTP1B inhibitory activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated using p-nitrophenyl phosphate and p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside as a substrate, respectively. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics to study the interaction between isolated compounds and proteins. Lipinski’s rule of five was used to evaluate the drug-like properties of isolated compounds. Predict pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated using the pkCSM tool. Results: Protocatechuic acid and syringic acid were isolated and identified by using spectroscopic methods. Protocatechuic acid and syringic acid considerably inhibited α-glucosidase enzyme at IC50 values of 416.17 ± 9.41 µM and 490.78 ± 9.28 µM, respectively. Furthermore, protocatechuic acid and syringic acid expressed strong PTP1B inhibitory activity at IC50 values of 248.83 ± 7.66 µM and 450.31 ± 7.77 µM, respectively. In silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics study showed the interactions of protocatechuic acid and syringic acid with acid amines of PTP1B and α-glucosidase enzyme. Lipinski’s rule of five and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity studies predicted that protocatechuic acid and syringic acid have drug-likeness properties. In molecular docking simulation, protocatechuic acid and syringic acid gave relatively negative free binding energies and interacted with many amino acids in the active sites of PTP1B and α-glucosidase. The molecular dynamics simulation results of the complexes were also relatively stable. Conclusion: Our results showed that protocatechuic acid and syringic acid could be promising compounds for type 2 diabetes treatment.
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