Background: Evaluating patients who have sustained blunt abdominal trauma (BAT) remains one of the most challenging and resourceintensive aspects of acute trauma care. Missed intra-abdominal injuries continue to cause preventable deaths. Aims & Objective: To assess efficacy of CT scan (computed tomography) as accurate diagnostic tool for blunt abdominal trauma patients. Materials and Methods: 87 cases of blunt abdominal injury admitted in S.S.G hospital, Baroda during the period of August 2010 to November 2012 were included in the study after taking written informed consent. All these patients were thoroughly investigated. CT Scan was done for all hemodynamically stable patients. Recorded data included age, sex, type of injuries and scan results. Organ injuries were graded using the OIS (Organ Injury Scale) guidelines. Results: The study comprised of 87 patients having blunt abdominal injury. Majority of the patients were in the age group of 20-29 years. Most common organ injury were splenic (43%), liver (32%) and renal (11%). 95% (83 patients) were positive for abdominal injury and 5% (4 patients) were negative. The CT findings of hemoperitoneum and/or solid organ injury were confirmed in the 15 cases taken up for surgery. Conclusion: In this study CT scan was 100 % sensitive in diagnosis of blunt abdominal trauma. Negative CT scan discourage unnecessary urgent abdominal exploration.
Background: The purpose of the study is to find the Combined effect of Active cycle of breathing technique and Autogenic drainage on PEFR and inspiratory capacity in participants following upper abdominal surgery. Post-operative pulmonary complication are common which increases the patients mortality. Changes in the respiratory system determines the risk factors of complications. These risk factors can be modified or reduced by the immediate post-operative management given to the patient at an early stage which can be aimed in improving the lung volume and clearance of secretions. Early physiotherapy is believed to reduce the pulmonary complications following major surgery. Lung function which is declined due to anaesthetic effect and the incisional pain which alters the normal ventilatory function in abdominal surgery. Therefore the study is aimed to analyse the outcomes of peak expiratory flow rate and inspiratory capacity in participants subjected to upper abdominal surgery on performing Active cycle of breathing technique and autogenic drainage in the post-operative period. Methods: 30 subjects between the age of 30 to 60 years who have undergone urgent and elective abdominal surgery were included in the study. 15 subjects were given Active cycle of breathing technique while another 15 subjects were given both Active cycle of breathing technique and autogenic drainage. The exercises were given for a period of 6 days, and the outcome measure of PEFR and Inspiratory capacity are measured on the first day and 6th day for the comparison. Statistical analysis were done using students “t” test. Results: The subjects who had performed only Active cycle of breathing technique for a period of 6 days shown significant improvement in both PEFR and inspiratory capacity. Similarly the subjects who performed both Active cycle of breathing technique and autogenic drainage also shown improvement on PEFR and inspiratory capacity. The PEFR on the Day 6 in Group B (338 ± 52.81) had significant difference than Group A where the PEFR was (263.33 ± 47.61). The inspiratory capacity on the Day 6 in Group B (2273.33 ± 201.66) had significant difference than Group A where the inspiratory capacity was (2106.67 ± 190.74). Conclusion: The above study had proved that combined techniques of Active cycle of breathing technique and autogenic drainage increases the peak expiratory flow rate and inspiratory capacity, the lung function which helps to reduce the post-operative pulmonary complications in participants who have undergone upper abdominal surgery. This accepts the alternate hypothesis. Key words: Active cycle of breathing technique, Autogenic drainage, Peak expiratory flow rate, Inspiratory capacity, Upper abdominal surgery.
Purpose: Many studies in physiotherapy using kinesio-tape are available to prevent and cure the musculoskeletal and neurological disorders in patients. However, few studies are available for using Kinesio-tape in abdominal surgery patients. Therefore, the need arises to assess the effectiveness of Kinesio-tape on pain and quality of life in participants with lower abdominal surgery. The secondary objectives are to assess the effectiveness of Kinesio-taping in improving patient outcomes in form of pain relief and ambulation as well the quality of life and to determine the level of prescribing of Kinesio-taping immediately after abdominal surgery. Relevance: The present study helps to manage post surgical patients providing quality life and faster recovery, less usage of analgesic drugs. Participants: Total 78 participants with age between 18years to 65 years old both males and females underwent lower abdominal surgery allocated randomly. Methods: The participants were divided into two groups: Control group received conventional treatment and experimental group received conventional treatment and Kinesio-taping. Following assessment tools were used as outcome measure in both the groups and was administered 4 hours of surgery. Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Abdominal Circumference (AC) and Post-operative Quality of Recovery 15 score (QoR 15). NPRS was done pre and post treatment on the basis of first 24hrs, 48hrs till 5th day post-operatively. AC was measured post treatment on the basis of first 24hrs, 48hrs till 5th day post-operatively. QoR-15 was taken post treatment on 2nd and 4th day. Analysis: Descriptive statistics and data was analysed on SPSS by adopting proper statistical tests i.e. Mann-Whitney test and one way ANOVA. Results: There was significant difference found between control and experimental group in all three outcome measures. Conclusion: There was faster recovery with kinesio-tape application in lower abdominal surgery participants. Implications: It is recommended to apply kinesio-tape with physiotherapy in post abdominal surgery. Key words: Pain, Kinesio-tape, Abdominal surgery.
Abdominal surgeries are performed to diagnose and/or treat different medical conditions by opening the abdominal cavity through large incision in the abdominal wall. Weakness of abdominal muscles, pulmonary complications and incisional pain are more common after abdominal surgeries. There has been significant research on managing such complications by using variety of physiotherapy interventions. This review intended to narrate the available literature on the effects of respiratory exercise and abdominal muscle strength training on pain and abdominal muscle strength after major abdominal surgeries. A systematic search of online databases was conducted and based on the reference lists of selected articles, further studies were identified. Twelve articles that met the inclusion criteria were analysed. Many of the previous studies concluded that respiratory exercise and abdominal muscle strength training after open abdominal surgeries improve abdominal muscle strength and decrease pain. Respiratory functions were also reported to be improved. But recent evidence regarding such effectiveness is insufficient and these aspects need to be explored in future.
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