Sonography of the musculoskeletal system in dogs and cats was undertaken to evaluate the application of this imaging procedure in orthopedics. In most of the patients a 7.5 MHz linear transducer was used because of its flat application surface and its resolving power. The evaluation of bone by sonography is limited, but sonography can provide addition information regarding the bone surface and surrounding soft tissue. Ultrasound is valuable for assessing joint disease. Joint effusion, thickening of the joint capsule and cartilage defects can be identified sonographically. It is also possible to detect bone destruction. Instabilities are often identified with the help of a dynamic examination. Soft tissue abnormalities of the musculoskeletal system lend themselves to sonographic evaluation. Partial or complete muscles or tendon tears are able to be differentiated and the healing process can be monitored. Most of the diseases that are in the area of the biceps or the achilles tendon, such as dislocation of the tendon, old injuries with scarification, free dissecates in the tendonsheath, tendinitis and/or tendosynovitis can be differentiated by sonography. In addition, with clinical and laboratory findings, it is often possible to make a correct diagnosis with ultrasound in patients with abscesses, foreign bodies, hematomas, soft tissue tumors and lipomas.
SummaryThe Trilam nail is made of stainless steel and has three lamellae running along its length. After surgical exposure the fragments are speared together with the pointed end of the nail. Eightynine limb fractures we repaired by this means. The type of fracture played a secondary role. Healing was achieved in all of the cases. Due to telescopic instability in one and slight collapse of the fracture surgical recorrection had to be performed in two cases. The advantages of the Trilam nail, over alternative surgical procedures for osteosynthesis, are that it is possible to treat fractures close to the metaphysis and to ensure rotational stability, as well as a reduction in the operating time.This paper reports on the treatment of fractures in small animals with a newly developed, rotationally stable intramedullary nail. It was used in dogs, cats, rabbits, a bird and a monkey for transverse, oblique, spiral and comminuted fractures.
Gr??ere Hautdefekte k?nnen durch Unf?lle, Verbrennungen oder Operationen entstehen und ben?tigen zur spontanen Heilung oftmals lange Zeit. Wenn eine Wunde nicht prim?r durch die Naht verschlossen werden kann, dann stehen dem Chirurgen einerseits die Verschiebeplastiken und andererseits die Hauttransplantationen f?r die Abdeckung zur Verf?gung.
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