IntroductionThis article describes the management of two patients who presented with localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia. This disease entity is poorly understood, and literature regarding successful treatment is scant. However, there are common themes to management including proper diagnosis and treatment via removal of the affected tissue. The biopsy demonstrates intercellular edema and neutrophil infiltrate with epithelial and connective tissue disease components, so surgical deepithelialization may not be adequate to definitively treat the disease.Methods and ResultsThis article presents two cases of the disease and suggests the use of the Nd:YAG laser as an alternative management modality.ConclusionTo our knowledge, we present the first cases of localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia treated with the Nd:YAG laser.Key pointsWhy are these cases new information? To our knowledge, this case series illustrates the first use of an Nd:YAG laser to treat the rare pathology localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia. What are the keys to successful management of these cases? To properly manage this rare presentation, proper diagnosis is paramount. Following diagnosis with microscopic evaluation, deepithelialization and treatment of underlying connective tissue infiltrate via the Nd:YAG laser offers an elegant option to treat the pathology and maintain esthetic outcomes. What are the primary limitations to success in these cases? The primary limitations of these cases include the small sample size, which is attributable to the rarity of the disease.
Previous studies revealed that a novel Human Endogenous Retrovirus (HERV-WL) was overexpressed in tissues from patients with certain aggressive human cancers, using immunohistochemistry techniques. ELISA detection also showed overexpression of HERV-WL in saliva of patients with certain aggressive cancers. To further explore these findings, saliva samples obtained from 12 patients with various cancers (1 with breast & colon cancer, 1, with colon cancer, 1 with multiple myeloma, 1 with prostrate cancer, 1 with renal carcinoma, and 7 with squamous cell carcinoma, were compared to saliva from 5 normal individuals. The studies showed significantly higher HERV-WL protein expression in saliva samples from all the 12 cancer patients (2–157 ug/ml), while HERV-WL protein expression was undetectable or less than 0.5 μg/ml in saliva from normal individuals. These findings warrant further research into the use of HERV-WL expression in saliva as a non-invasive assessment of responsiveness of certain cancers patients to therapy.
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