While networked sensors are becoming a ubiquitous part of many human lives, their applications to the study of wild animals have been largely limited to off-the-shelf and stand-alone technologies such as web cameras. However, purpose-designed systems, applying features found in Internet-of-Things devices, enable more efficient gathering, managing, and disseminating of a diverse array of data needed to study the life histories of wild animals. We illustrate these claims based on our development of a system of networked nest boxes that we created to study nesting birds in urban environments. This system uses general-purpose processors within nest boxes to perform edge computing to control data acquisition, processing, and management from multiple sensors. A central data-management system permits easy access to all data, once downloaded, which has facilitated our uses to date of this system for formal university-and school-level education, and informal science education.
SummaryOne juvenile Red-backed shrike (Lanius collurio) with a cutaneous cyst of Collyriclum faba under its beak was observed in Israel on 13 October 2016. Another Red-backed shrike (adult female) with multiple cutaneous cysts around the vent was observed in Průhonice, Czech Republic on 19 June 2017. A third Red-backed shrike (adult male) with three cutaneous cysts around the vent was observed in Mariánské Radčice, Czech Republic on 16 July 2017. In the Israeli case, two adult trematodes C. faba were found in the cutaneous cyst. In the two Czech cases, C. faba was identified indirectly by analysing the cutaneous cyst morphology. C. faba had never been recorded previously in Israel.
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