Enterprise IT environments are heterogeneous and complex with dozens of important software components running on each server and exchanging data with other servers, point of sale terminals, kiosks, door locks, workstations, and other systems. It is necessary to identify and document critical data flows across these systems and networks and create and verify corresponding security perimeters. Thus, newly adopted payment card industry data security standard version 3 requires data flows documentation across systems and networks, which is hard to maintain manually.In this paper, we describe the design of an automated and scalable data flows identification and diagramming system that relies on practical information sources and software and hardware models. As a result, the system can be used for reallife security audit and planning projects in diverse real-life environments.We evaluate it in three enterprise IT environments that belong to various types of industries.
Cloud interoperability is a new problem that is becoming evident as more cloud providers offer competing clouds and more enterprises migrate their applications into the cloud environments. However, for large enterprises the problem lies in enterprise software and middleware non-interoperability and overall complexity more than in the cloud providers incurred issues. In this paper we analyze cloud interoperability issues for existing enterprise applications based on our substantial enterprise IT transformation experience. We believe that adoption of stricter enterprise application development and maintenance policies and their enforcement coupled with PaaS clouds' quick middleware provisioning and configuration capabilities will allow easy, predictable, fast, and inexpensive application rebuilds on-demand. This, in turn, will allow much cheaper application transformations, adoption of new technologies, and migrations between various clouds and non-cloud environments. We evaluate our policies based on three real-life applications from large corporations and show that strict application documentation and standardization results in at least an order of magnitude cost reduction of cloud application migrations.
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