What ' s known on the subject? and What does the study add? The natural history of renal angiomyolipomas (AML) shows increasing size and increasing risk of haemorrhage. For those patients undergoing treatment, extirpative surgery or renal angio-embolization has increased morbidity. Due to its haemostatic effect, radio-frequency ablation (RFA) may be used safely and effectively for the treatment of small ( < 4 cm), symptomatic renal AML.This study represents the largest case series reporting on RFA for renal AML.

Growing teratoma syndrome (GTS) is a rare condition among patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumors who present with enlarging metastatic masses during appropriate systemic chemotherapy and in the context of normalized serum markers. This article reviews the current pertinent scientific literature on the diagnosis and management of GTS.

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Introduction Synchronous implantation of an inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) and a bulbourethral sling single via a single perineal is a unique approach in managing erectile dysfunction and stress urinary incontinence. Aim This article describes our surgical approach and reviews the operative time, length of hospital stay (LOS), estimated blood loss (EBL), and cost of synchronous dual prosthetic implantation compared with the implants performed individually. Additionally, we review the short-term outcomes in patients with dual sling and penile prosthesis synchronous implants. Methods Fifty-eight patients with IPP, 53 slings, and eight simultaneous dual implantations between January 2000 and July 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. Operative times, EBL, length of stay, cost, and complications were compared in three groups (group 1, IPP; group 2, slings; group 3, dual implants). Additionally, we reviewed pre- and postoperative Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM) scores and pad use in group 3. Main Outcome Measures Review of operative times, EBL, LOS, cost, and complications. Results Dual implantation had similar operative times compared with the total time for the individual procedures (98 ± 24 minutes for IPP; 86 ± 24 minutes for sling; 177 ± 17 minutes for dual implant, P &gt; 0.05). EBL was reduced (57 ± 30 mL for IPP; 48 ± 59 mL for sling; 49 ± 5 mL for group 3). LOS was also reduced (1.2 ± 0.45 days for IPP, 0.7 ± 0.48 days for sling; and 1.1 ± 0.50 days for dual implant). Dual implantation was associated with approximately $9,000 in savings. With a mean follow-up of 13.6 months, group 3 reported SHIM increase from 1.3 ± 0.5 to 23.5 ± 0.6 and a decrease in pad use from three pads per day (range 2–6) down to a mean of one pad per day (range 0–2). One sling erosion and one sling infection occurred in group 2. One patient in group 3 had acute urinary retention resolved with 5 days of catheter drainage. Conclusion Dual penile prosthesis and bulbourethral sling implantation through a single perineal incision is safe, efficient, and cost-effective.