The form of grinding grains is an important parameter which as show researches, has a great impact on efficiency of use of grinding tools. Generally the methods used for an assessment of a form of grinding grains can be divided into two groups – qualitative and quantitative. The principle of an assessment of a form of grain on qualitative methods is based on grain reference on some signs in the relevant group of forms. All existing ways of a quantitative assessment of a form of grain are based on research of a horizontal projection of grain. However application of horizontal projection results in inaccuracy in the analysis of a form of abrasive grain. This work is devoted to accuracy increase at an assessment of a form of grinding grains.
Grinding with flexible backing grinding tools, such as flap wheels and grinding belts, has found wide application at all stages from roughing to decorative surface finish. At the same time, the performance of traditional factory-built flap wheels and grinding belts in many respects do not meet the expectations of consumers. Among other reasons, this is due to the fact that the designs of flap wheels and grinding belts are based on traditional sandpaper. In turn, the sandpaper is made from abrasive mass which is not sorted by shape and not oriented relative to the backing plate surface. The described situation leads to the fact that a large number of grains does not participate in the cutting process, but on the contrary, have a negative impact on it, because the abrasive particles fall out of the bond, heat and deform the material to be ground without cutting it off. The approaches to improving the design of flexible backing grinding tools are discussed, the issues of their design and manufacture using the abrasive grains with controlled shape and orientation are revealed in the article. The data on the impact of the grain shape and orientation on the cutting ability of grinding belts are given.
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