Phytochemical study of two medicinal plants from Ecuador, Tagetes terniflora Kunth, and Croton rivinifolius Kunth, led to the isolation and characterization of the major constituents present in the organic extracts obtained from these plants: 5-(4-acetoxy-1-butynil)-2,2’-bi-thiophene (1), 5-methyl-2,2’:5’,2”- terthiophene (2), patuletin (3) from Tagetes terniflora, and isocorydine (4), sweroside (5), tiliroside (6) from Croton rivinifolius. The structures of these compounds were established by spectroscopic analysis including two-dimensional NMR methods, MS, and comparison with published spectral data. They are recognized as secondary metabolites that represent the chemotaxonomy of Tagetes and Croton genera and could be responsible for the recognized medicinal properties attributed to these species. This paper deals with the first report that shows the presence of these compounds in these plants.
Human ability to understand approximate references to locations, disambiguated by means of context and reasoning about spatial relationships, is the key to describe spatial environments and to share information about them. In this paper, the authors propose an approach for geocoding that takes advantage of the spatial relationships contained in the text of tweets, using semantic and spatial analyses. Microblog text has special characteristics (e.g. slang, abbreviations, acronyms, etc.) and thus represents a special variation of natural language. The main objective of this work is to associate spatial relationships found in text with a spatial footprint, to determine the location of the event described in the tweet. The feasibility of the proposal is demostrated using a corpus of 200,000 tweets posted in Spanish related with traffic events in Mexico City.
A large amount of geographic information is contained in text documents available in the Web. For instance, forum messages posted by students in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) may contain references to places. Unfortunately, this information is not exploited, although it can be useful to further understand the topics of the courses. Therefore, the authors propose an approach to instantly provide additional information to MOOC students about geographic features found in publications at course forums. The results are displayed through our tool, ORBIS, which automatically highlights the geographic entities in the texts. With this tool, the student gets access to additional information in the same environment, without disruption, interacting with maps and spatial relationships with other entities. Information on locations mentioned in text is obtained from queries posted to the gazetteer Linked OntoGazetteer. The authors applied their prototype to the students' posts in the forum space for the Geo-MOOC titled Maps and the Geospatial Revolution course, offered by the Pennsylvania State University.
Ciudad de México, México {ebouchana10 1 , lsotoa10 4 }@sagitario.cic.ipn.mx, {marcomoreno 2 , mtorres 3 , quintero 5 }@cic.ipn.mxResumen -En este trabajo se propone una metodología para geocodificar textos de microblogs en español, con el fin de identificar la ubicación de entidades, relaciones espaciales y eventos pertenecientes a un fenómeno en particular, para la desambiguación y verificación de la coherencia con base en ontologias, el propósito de proporcionar certidumbre en las ubicaciones identificadas.
Palabras Clave -geocodificación; Twitter; ontologias; relaciones espaciales.Abstract -This paper proposes a methodology for geocoding microblogs texts in Spanish, in order to identify the location of entities, spatial relationships and events pertaining to a particular phenomenon, for disambiguation and verification of consistency based on ontologies in order to provide certainty in the identified locations.
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