The influence of leaf area and various variants of manual defoliation on the phenolic profile of the Prokupac variety grape berry were investigated in the agroecological conditions of southern Serbia. The following four trial variants of manual defoliation were assessed: Early defoliation-variant I (flowering stage, 50% open flowers); early defoliation-variant II (grape size 3-5 mm); late defoliation-variant III (onset of grape ripening, veraison); and control (no defoliation). The first six leaves of each primary shoot were removed from all defoliated vines. The greatest assimilation area of primary and lateral shoots during the study was observed in the control, i.e., the trial variant with no defoliation. Defoliation significantly decreased the grape yield of the all three defoliated variants in regard to the control. The phenolic profile of the three variants and control was established by analyzing the grape seeds and skin. Based on the collected results for the Prokupac variety, significant differences between the trial variants were established regarding the content of phenols and total polyphenols, as well as radical scavenging activity. Defoliation variants showed a significant effect on the total phenols content of grape skin. In all defoliation variants, as well as in the control, high amounts of ellagic acid were measured. Resveratrol was identified only in grape skin samples of the control variant. The removal of leaves increased the concentration of phenolic compounds in variants where early defoliation was applied. The highest total anthocyanins content was found in 2015 in variant I, where leaves were removed during the full flowering stage.
A set of 31 SSD lines from ZP-Syn-1 Co and 37 from ZP-Syn-1 C3 maize population was studied in this paper. After line selection and seed multiplication in 2000, the trials were carried out in 2001-2002. at Kruševac and Zemun Polje, in RCB design. After three cycles of recurrent selection we observed a significant decrease of homozygous progenies' means of root and stalk lodged plants percent, plant and ear height, but also of row number per ear. The means of grain number per ear and 1000 grain mass were increased, and the differences in ear length and grain yield were not significant. After three cycles, a significant narrowing of additive variance happened for root and stalk lodged plant percent, ear length, and row number per ear, but this narrowing was not significant for the other traits. We also found significant values of narrow-sense heretability
This paper presents the two year results of a study dealing with genotypic specificity of some nitrogen accumulation parameters and yield components, as well as their individual and joint influence on grain yield per plant, in twenty Serbian winter wheat cultivars. There were significant differences among the investigated cultivars regarding the all studied traits. Coefficient of variation ranged from 6.81% for 1000 grain mass to 12.91% for total nitrogen accumulation. Cluster analysis showed the studied genotypes divided into two clusters, where larger one was further divided into several smaller clusters. Good definition of clusters is a sign that these traits’ pattern is a distinctive property of a genotype. Multiple regression analysis showed that the all four studied traits, as well as intercept value, had significant effect on grain yield. The greatest effect was expressed by number of grain per spike, where standardized regression coefficient (β) was 0.535. Adjusted R2 value (0.984) showed that 98.4% of the observed variation in grain yield was explained by the studied four traits. When biological yield is regarded, only total nitrogen accumulation and intercept value were significant. β value for total NA was 0.713, and adjusted R2 was 0.787. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR-31054: The development of new technologies of small grains cultivation on acid soils using contemporary biotechnology
Biperiden, an antiparkinsonian anticholinergic drug, has been found to inhibit enzymatic hydrolysis of butyrylthiocholine iodide, which is catalyzed by serum cholinesterase. By measuring the difference in the basic and inhibitory hydrolysis reaction rates, in the presence of biperiden as an inhibitor, it is possible to develop a kinetic method for its determination. Both systems, enzyme-substrate-chromogen and enzyme-substrate-chromogen-inhibitor, were characterized by biochemical parameters (KM = 0.326 ? 0.330 mmol dm-3; Vmax = 40 - - 99 ?mol dm-3 min-1), while inhibition was defined as non-competitive with the constant of inhibition Ki = 6.142 ?mol dm-3. The reaction conditions have been optimized followed by determination of the calibration curve, the corresponding equation and the limits of detection and quantification yielding 3.84 and 12.80 nmol dm-3, respectively. Using the calibration chart, it is possible to determine biperiden in different samples in the concentration range of 0.035?35.940 ?mol dm-3. Influence of a number of substances, found in the sample, on the reaction rate was also examined. The optimized method was applied for determination of biperiden in pharmaceutical preparations. Accuracy of the method was tested using the standard addition method. The proposed method has good sensitivity, selectivity, it is simple and fast, and above all easily accessible, and thus applicable in biochemical and pharmaceutical laboratories.
This paper presents the investigation of F3 population 2002-30, created in the Department of Maize, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad. At first, about 150 plants of the studied population were selfed and simultaneously crossed with the tester 1491x1496, in order to get complementary S1 and HS progenies. After the harvest, 41 progenies of each type were selected by the random sample method for the trials carried out in Aleksinac, Leskovac, and Kruševac, as three studied environments, in RCB design. Genetic variances were significantly higher in S1 progenies, with the exception of root and stalk lodged plants percent and grain number per row, where these differences were not significant. Phenotypic variances followed the same tendency. The obtained values of broad-sense heritability were significantly higher in S1 than in HS progenies. Low heritability values were calculated only for root and stalk lodged plants percent. Cluster analysis did not show any greater difference between S1 and HS progenies, neither in distances nor in group definition, although there were significant differences between them in genetic variances. However, one can see a lower degree of distances between HS progenies. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR-31054: The development of new technologies of small grains cultivation on acid soils using contemporary biotechnology
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