Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar a relação entre o consumo de álcool em adolescentes e sua relação com o suicidio em escolas estaduais de João Pessoa. Método:Para a realização do estudo utilizou-se um questionário autoaplicável que abordavam questões referentes ao consumo de bebida e ideações suicidas. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e Qui-quadrado. A amostra foi composta por 1142 estudantes com média da idade de 16,38 anos. Resultados: podemos destacar que 12% da população da amostra planejaram suicidar-se e 7,4% tentaram suicidar-se. Acrescentando com consumo de álcool, onde cerca de 40,9% ingeriram bebida alcoólica no último mês. As análises demonstraram a existência de uma relação entre o plano para o suicídio vinculado a quantidade de bebida no último mês (x2 20,116; p<0,000), como também a Tentativa do suicídio vinculado com a quantidade bebida no último mês (x2 17,126; p<0,017). Conclusão: portanto, indicar possíveis estratégias para o desenvolvimento de intervenções eficazes neste grupo etário.
Introduction:HTLV-1 is a virus of growing concern given its difficult diagnosis. The cosmopolitan subtype strain (also known as 1a) is a great concern in non-endemic countries, such as Brazil, with two main subgroups: transcontinental (HTLV-1aA) and Japanese subgroup (HTLV-1aB). HTLV-1 infection screening is done mostly by serological methods, with molecular techniques (PCR) being done as confirmatory diagnosis given its high complexity and cost. This system, however, yields a high rate of false negative and unspecific results. Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) is a molecular methodology considered faster, simple and easy to perform. In addition, alternative specimens, such as, dried blood spot (DBS) could be used to enable HTLV-1 screening in low resource areas as it facilitates acid nucleic storage.Objectives: To evaluate the effectiveness of LAMP to detect HTLV-1a RNA/proviral DNA in whole blood and DBS samples.Methodology: Ninety-seven patients infected with HTLV-1a and 50 healthy individuals donated blood samples. Out of the HTLV patients, 37 were HTLV-1aA, 47 HTLV-1aB and 13 did not have genotype determined in a subgroup level, being characterized only as HTLV-1a. A subgroup of 60 individuals had DBS evaluated [40 patients with HTLV infection (HTLV-1aA: 14; HTLV-1aB: 19; HTLV-1a: 7) and 20 healthy]. RNA/proviral DNA was extracted using a commercial kit. Besides the extracted samples, in natura and inactive forms of samples were also evaluated in a smaller group (n=12). Posteriorly the sample preparation, a preheating stage was done followed by LAMP reaction at 63ºC for 60 minutes and enzyme inactivation at 80ºC for 10 minutes. Gel electrophoresis, fluorescence and colorimetric were tested for visualization.Results: HTLV RNA/proviral DNA was detected in 92.7% (90/97) of whole blood samples and had a specificity of 100% (0/50). The test was also able to detect samples with DNA concentration as low as 1.7 ng/μL. Inactivated and in natura samples both had a sensitivity of 75% (9/12). Referring to HTLV-1a subgroups, LAMP showed a sensitivity of 94.6% (35/37) for HTLV-1aA and 93.6% (44/47) in HTLV-1aB. Using DBS, LAMP had a sensitivity of 90% (36/40) and specificity of 100%. Referring to HTLV-1a subgroups, DBS showed a sensitivity of 85.7% (12/14) for HTLV-1aA and 94.7% (18/19) for HTLV-1aB. All methods of detection (gel electrophoresis, fluorescence and colorimetric) showed equal results. Conclusion:It was possible to employ LAMP to detect HTLV in whole blood and DBS with high sensitivity which makes it a promising method to approach the diagnosis in low-resources settings and as a point-of-care.
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