Objective Comprehensive review of the use of computerized treatment as a rehabilitation tool for attention and executive function in adults (aged 18 years or older) who suffered an acquired brain injury. Design Systematic review of empirical research. Main Measures Two reviewers independently assessed articles using the methodological quality criteria of Cicerone et al. Data extracted included sample size, diagnosis, intervention information, treatment schedule, assessment methods, and outcome measures. Results A literature review (PubMed, EMBASE, Ovid, Cochrane, PsychINFO, CINAHL) generated a total of 4931 publications. Twenty-eight studies using computerized cognitive interventions targeting attention and executive functions were included in this review. In 23 studies, significant improvements in attention and executive function subsequent to training were reported; in the remaining 5, promising trends were observed. Conclusions Preliminary evidence suggests improvements in cognitive function following computerized rehabilitation for acquired brain injury populations including traumatic brain injury and stroke. Further studies are needed to address methodological issues (eg, small sample size, inadequate control groups) and to inform development of guidelines and standardized protocols.

the use of computerized treatment programs as a rehabilitation tool in ABI. We conducted a systematic review of empirical research on computerized cognitive rehabilitation for attention and executive function after ABI. Design: Systematic Review. Data Sources: A literature search of Pubmed and PsychINFO was conducted using the key terms: computerized cognitive rehabilitation, traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, ABI, and executive functioning. Study Selection: Studies reporting on cognitive outcomes following computerized rehabilitation in adult participants with an ABI of any severity were included. Data Extraction: Articles were independently assessed by two reviewers, using Cicerone et al criteria. Data collected included sample size, diagnosis, intervention info, treatment schedule, assessment methods, and results. Data Synthesis: The initial searches yielded a total of 1075 hits; reduced to 121 after title review, which was further reduced to 27 once doubles were eliminated and abstracts were reviewed. Fourteen met inclusion criteria after being read. Nine studies met criteria for Class I, two met criteria for Class II, and three met Class III evidence criteria. There is evidence of improvement in executive functioning in ABI following computerized treatment. Studies were more commonly conducted in stroke patients. TBI studies often included smaller sample sizes and less adequate control groups. Conclusions: The evidence indicates improvements in executive functioning following computerized cognitive rehabilitation training. Additional studies are needed, especially in TBI.

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