A Anorexia Nervosa e Bulimia Nervosa são transtornos alimentares de ordem comportamental podendo ser diagnosticadas primeiramente pelo cirurgião-dentista por apresentarem efeitos marcantes sobre a saúde bucal. A falta de familiaridade de profissionais de saúde com o assunto tem dificultado o diagnóstico, atrasando o tratamento e, consequentemente, aumentado o risco de complicações clínicas desses transtornos. Considerando-se a crescente incidência dessas síndromes, associada à alta morbidade, preconiza-se o melhor conhecimento de suas manifestações clínicas, bem como de complicações associadas para que o diagnóstico possa ser realizado mais precocemente, evitando-se, assim, que os pacientes cheguem para o tratamento apenas quando seu estado já esteja grave. A morte de uma modelo brasileira e de uma estudante de moda no final do ano de 2006 teve repercussão mundial e reacendeu o interesse pelo tema. O objetivo deste artigo é alertar os cirurgiõesdentistas sobre seu papel-chave na prevenção das consequências bucais dos transtornos alimentares, por meio de uma discussão de base diagnóstica e terapêutica. É essencial que o cirurgião-dentista tenha segurança no diagnóstico, já que muitas vezes é o primeiro profissional de saúde a detectá-los, permitindo manejo e encaminhamento adequado e promovendo saúde bucal e geral desses pacientes.

Background Laryngeal papillomatosis (LP) is a disease that presents in both juvenile (JLP) and adult patients (ALP). This study correlated papillomatosis characteristics with the Derkay score. Methods Retrospective data and biopsies of 36 patients with JLP and 56 with ALP were collected and separated into groups according to their scores. Results The mean of the Derkay score, in the JLP group was 10.97 and in Group ALP was 8.26. The JLP group presented a more aggressive result than in the adult group (P = .02). In the JLP group, the respiratory difficulty (P = .01) and tracheostomy were correlated to a higher Derkay score (P < .05). Microscopically, the JLP samples presented a higher incidence of atypical mitosis and mitosis above the basal cells layer of the epithelium (P < .05) and these characteristics were correlated with a higher Derkay index (P = .03). Conclusion Findings suggest that ALP and JLP can present different clinical courses and histopathological features. There was a higher degree of LP severity in JLP.

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Oral focal mucinosis is a rare condition, clinically characterized by an asymptomatic swelling, without distinct, specific features, which occurs predominantly in adults of the female gender. Its clinical aspect leads to various differential diagnoses, and final diagnosis is only possible by means of histopathological exam, in which a well-delimited myxomatous area containing mucinous material is observed. In the present study, a review of the English-language literature about the lesion, was conducted, covering the period from 1974 to March 2015. We report two new cases, thereby contributing to the knowledge and differential diagnosis of this entity.

Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) may develop malignant characteristics and transform into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in a range of 1% to 2% of cases. Chronic alcohol consumption is associated with carcinogenesis, but its mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. ALDH1A1 and 2, isoenzymes responsible for aldehyde oxidation involved in ethanol metabolism may be associated with the development of malignant head and neck neoplasms. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of ALDH1A1 and ALDH2 in oral leukoplakia with epithelial dysplasia (OLP) and OSCC. A retrospective study was conducted on 27 cases of OLP and 30 cases of OSCC. Clinical data were obtained from medical records, and all cases were classified as mild, moderate, and severe for OLP, and well-differentiated, moderately differentiated, or poorly differentiated for OSCC cases. The ALDH1A1 and ALDH2 expression in OLP and OSCC was evaluated by the immunohistochemical technique. There was predominance of the male sex, in both OLP and OSCC cases. Oral tongue was the most affected site in both groups. OLP showed positive protein expression of ALDH1A1 in all cases, both basal and suprabasal epithelial layers, whereas ALDH2 showed less protein expression. In OSCC, the immunohistochemical reaction for ALDH1A1 expression was negative in 70%, whereas ALDH2 expression was positive in all cases. This study demonstrated the gradual loss of ALDH1A1 expression in OSCC in comparison with OLP, and the increased ALDH2 expression in OSCC.