SKL of primary and secondary education set each graduate have HOTS (analysis, evaluation, and create) and cognitive knowledge (factual, conceptual, procedural, and metacognitive). The aim of this research is to develop test instrument of multiple choice for measuring how the ability to HOTS and cognitive knowledge of biology of senior high school students on the subject of human digestive system. The type of this research is Research and Development (R&D) that based on the development model of Oriondo & Dallo-Antonio and Wilson. The field testing was be done in March-April 2020 involving 280 around the five state senior high school in Yogyakarta. The data based on analysis measurement Rasch Model and use Quest program to find out goodness of fit, difficulty index, and reliability. Result of analysis shows that test instrument of HOTS and Cognitive Knowledge were valid and reliable. The goodness of fit test for the overall test and each item shows fit with the Rasch model. Difficulty indexes for the item ranged -3,44 to +1,36. Reliabilities of item estimate were 0,99.
The use of the right model and media in learning is certainly needed in the learning process, in line with the results of observations and interviews conducted with class teachers, it shows that learning science at SD Alang-alang Lebar Subdistrict, Palembang City has not used the right learning model and learning media so that students become less active because they only listen and students do not participate in learning so that they make children not independent, for this reason it is necessary to apply the PjBL model assisted by the canva application to increase student learning independence. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the effectiveness of the PjBL model assisted by the canva application on student learning independence. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of learning with the PjBL model assisted by the canva application on the learning independence of fifth grade students of SD Alang-alang Lebar Subdistrict, Palembang City. The method used is mixed method (mix method) sequential explanatory design. Data analysis used in quantitative research is Normality test, Homogeneity test, N-gain test, and t-test. Science learning with the PjBL learning model assisted by the canva application based on the results of independent data analysis shows that the significance result of 0.00 <0.05 proves that there is a difference in the average value in the experimental and control classes. The average value in the experimental class was 73.75 while in the control class it was 59.05. Based on the results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that learning science with the PjBL model is effective in optimizing the learning independence of fifth grade students. Suggestions for research are to be able to streamline time because PjBL takes a little longer in the learning process. Keywords: PjBL; Canva; Independence
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