This study verified the existence of a new epidemiological situation in which the possibility of the urban transmission of the disease was confirmed.

Objective: Evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with trichomoniasis in women receiving primary health care. Methods: A cross-sectional study was developed, involving a sample of 314 medical records, randomly selected through a process of systematic sampling, among women receiving primary health care services. The socioeconomic, demographic and clinical variables were examined. Results: The prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis was 10.5%, and 35% of the women studied lived in rural areas. The adjusted logistic regression analysis showed that the independent predictors of the presence of trichomoniasis were: high blood pressure, unpleasant vaginal odor and dyspareunia. Conclusion: In terms of practical applicability, the results can provide information for planning new nursing initiatives to prevent and reduce the prevalence of trichomoniasis in women. ResumoObjetivo: Avaliar a prevalência e os fatores associados à tricomoníase em mulheres assistidas na atenção primária. Métodos: Foi desenvolvido um estudo transversal envolvendo uma amostra 314 prontuários, aleatoriamente selecionados por um processo de amostragem sistemática, entre as mulheres atendidas em serviços de atenção básica à saúde. Foram analisadas variáveis socioeconômicas, demográficas e clínicas. Resultados: A prevalência de Trichomonas vaginalis foi de 10,5%, sendo que 35% das mulheres analisadas residiam na zona rural. A análise de regressão logística ajustada mostrou como preditores independentes para a presença da tricomoníase: a elevada pressão arterial, odor vaginal desagradável e dispareunia. Conclusão: A aplicabilidade prática dos resultados refere-se a subsídios para o planejamento de novas ações de enfermagem para a prevenção e redução da prevalência da tricomoníase em mulheres.

A esquistossomose acomete, há séculos, a população rural de Pernambuco. Manifestações hepatoesplênicas e neurológicas desta parasitose têm sido frequentemente descritas. No entanto, a esquistossomose da próstata, causada pelo Schistosoma mansoni, nunca havia sido reportada em Pernambuco, o que demonstra a necessidade de registrar este caso. Apresentação do caso: Um paciente de 51 anos, após realizar uma prostectomia parcial por suspeita de neoplasia, foi diagnosticado com esquistossomose da próstata. Após o procedimento cirúrgico, foram coletadas amostras de fezes para a realização de testes parasitológicos que se revelaram positivos para S. mansoni, confirmando que o paciente ainda estava infectado. Exames laboratoriais e clínicos mostraram alterações na função hepática e confirmaram danos hepatointestinais. O acompanhamento ambulatorial do paciente demonstrou que os níveis de antígeno prostático específico permaneceram elevados e, um ano após a primeira intervenção cirúrgica, um exame anatomopatológico mostrou a permanência de lesões fibromatosas esquistossomóticas. Vale ressaltar que, após três tratamentos com praziquantel (abril e julho/2014, fevereiro/2015), os exames de fezes apresentaram-se negativos para S. mansoni. Conclui-se que este diagnóstico acidental de esquistossomose da próstata levanta dúvidas sobre a capacidade dos serviços de saúde para identificar e tratar as formas ectópicas da esquistossomose. A manutenção dos elevados níveis de PSA, mesmo após tratamento cirúrgico e farmacológico, sugerem que os danos causados por S. mansoni aos tecidos são irreversíveis. Portanto, os serviços de saúde devem estar preparados para investigar e diagnosticar os casos, visando à prevenção de sequelas crônicas e ao tratamento precoce.

No abstract

Twelve isolates of Cylindrocladium scoparium and 4 isolates of C. clavatum were obtained from the rhizosphere of various species of plants by baiting with Ricinus communis leaves. The isolates of C. scoparium developed conidia of 32-(45)-60 x 3 -(4)-5 µm, and pyriform to ellipsoidal vesicles. C. clavatum showed conidia of 36-(44)-49 x 2-(4)-6 µm and clavate vesicles. All isolates induced necrosis on leaves and hypocotyls of eucalypt seedlings, with varying expression of symptoms.Key words: Ricinus leaf bait, morphological markers, eucalyptus pathogenicityThe genus Cylindrocladium Morgan (teleomorph: Calonectria De Not) comprises species considered soil inhabitants that are saprophytes and facultative parasites, widespread in different environments all over the world (1). Typical symptoms caused by the pathogenic species are root rot, damping-off, wilt, leaf spotting, or necrotic lesions on fruits (7).The purpose of the present study was to isolate species of Cylindrocladium from the rhizosphere of various plants by a baiting method, to identify them by morphological criteria and to check their pathogenicity on eucalypt seedlings under greenhouse conditions.Small pieces of Ricinus communis L. leaves were disinfected (4), and placed upon soil samples of 20 g in sterile Petri dishes, collected from the rhizosphere of various plants (Table 1) and moistened with sterile distilled water (3). The baits were incubated for two days under alternating light at a temperature of 25ºC and mycelia grown on the leaf segments were transferred to Petri dishes with PDA (Potato-Dextrose-Agar) to obtain pure cultures. For morphological identification, segments of disinfected Ricinus leaves were inoculated with plugs of 5mm diameter from a young mold colony grown on PDA and leaves were kept in a Petri dish on a cotton swab moistened with sterile distilled water as above, until the formation of fruiting bodies. These were stained with Amann's blue (4) on microscope slides and observed under a light microscope. Of each isolate, average length and width of 20 conidia were determined with an ocular micrometer. Shape and septation of conidia were also considered, as well the shape of the vesicle (1,2,7). Seedlings of eucalypt (Eucalyptus citriodora), 40 days after germination, were inoculated on both hypocotyls and leaves. Plugs as above were placed upon a slight incision in hypocotyls and fixed with Scotch tape. With leaves, the plug was put on the upper surface without wounding. Following inoculation, the plants were incubated for 48 h in a moist chamber at a temperature of 25ºC. The experiment was completely randomized using three replications in each treatment. The size of the lesions was measured four days after the inoculation. These data were subjected to Duncan's test, comparing means at a 5% level of significance.