Purpose: to compare the latency and amplitude of the Frequency-Following Response and the Auditory Middle Latency Response in typical individuals and those with altered auditory abilities, as well as to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of both assessments in relation to central auditory processing. Methods: 32 individuals of both sexes were distributed into Group 1 (without altered auditory abilities) and Group 2 (with altered auditory abilities). The groups were divided according to behavioral tests of central auditory processing. Individuals in both groups underwent auditory evoked potentials. Student’s t-test was used for analysis, considering a 5% significance. Results: in Group 2, V and A had higher latency and lower amplitude and slope. Group 2 also had lower Na and Pa amplitudes in waves A1C3 and A2C3. The Frequency-Following Response showed 93% sensitivity and specificity, while the Auditory Middle Latency Response showed 87% sensitivity and 93% specificity. Conclusion: the individuals presented with altered hearing abilities showed higher latency and lower response amplitude in the Frequency Following Response and Auditory Middle Latency Response compared to typical individuals. The Frequency- Following Response showed a better balance of sensitivity and specificity.
Objective: to generate reference values for different central auditory processing tests, investigating the influence of peripheral hearing and considering education and cognition, in the elderly. Methods: a prospective, quantitative and cross-sectional study. The casuistry consisted of 23 elderly, aged between 60 and 81 years old, being 8 men and 14 women. Regarding the audiological characteristics, the elderly were included with normal auditory thresholds or mild and moderate sensorineural hearing loss, classified by the quadritonal average, proposed by the World Health Organization. All elderly underwent Basic Audiological Evaluation, Edinburgh Handedness Inventory, Mini Mental State Examination, and seven central auditory behavioral tests. Statistical analysis was performed using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test. Results: the Adapted Time-Compressed Speech Test was influenced by the peripheral hearing loss, in both ears (p-value = 0,000), and no significant differences were found in the other data analyzed. Conclusion: reference values were generated for the different behavioral tests. Hearing loss influenced the results of the Adapted Time-Compressed Speech Test, suggesting that it should not be applied in the elderly with peripheral alteration. Regarding education and cognition, there was a similarity among the elderly with normal hearing thresholds and those presented with hearing loss.
Purpose To analyze the impact of social distancing, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, on the perception and nuisance with chronic tinnitus and the relationship of the findings with anxiety and depression. Methods The sample was composed by convenience, including subjects aged 21 to 78 years. The evaluation was conducted in two periods: pre-distancing (late 2019) and during distancing (2020). The second evaluation was conducted online via Google Forms, consisting of the following procedures: Semistructured questionnaire, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results In the comparison of the results of the procedures performed pre-social distancing and during social-distancing, a statistically significant difference was evidenced for the THI and the BAI, but not for the BDI. In the correlation of the perception of chronic tinnitus with anxiety, a statistically significant difference was observed, positive and strong, but not significant with depression. Conclusion Social distancing, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, worsened the perception of and annoyance with chronic tinnitus and was correlated with an increase in anxiety symptoms.
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Objective To analyze age-related changes in the central auditory pathway in healthy elderly individuals. Methods A prospective, quantitative cross-sectional study. The caseload comprised 18 adults (mean age, 22.78 years) and 18 elderly individuals (mean age, 66.72 years) of both sexes, who met inclusion criteria. Subjects were submitted to basic audiological evaluation and related electrophysiologic tests: brainstem auditory evoked potential with click stimulus and frequency-following response. Results Elderly individuals had higher wave and interpeak latencies (waves I, III and V and interpeaks I-V and III-V) of brainstem auditory evoked potential. Latencies of frequency following response waves A, E, F and O were also higher in elderly individuals. Frequency following response amplitudes were better in A than in D, F and O waves in these subjects. Likewise, interpeak intervals (V-A and V-O) were larger in elderly relative to adult individuals. Lower slope values were observed in elderly individuals. Conclusion Brainstem auditory evoked potential and frequency-following response allowed appropriate assessment of age-related changes in the auditory pathway. Slower neural response to auditory stimuli suggests reduced synchrony between neural structures.
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