Three-dimensional myocardial perfusion imaging requires significant acceleration of data acquisition to achieve wholeheart coverage with adequate spatial and temporal resolution. The present article introduces a compartment-based k-t principal component analysis reconstruction approach, which permits three-dimensional perfusion imaging at 10-fold nominal acceleration. Using numerical simulations, it is shown that the compartment-based method results in accurate representations of dynamic signal intensity changes with significant improvements of temporal fidelity in comparison to conventional k-t principal component analysis reconstructions. Comparison of the two methods based on rest and stress threedimensional perfusion data acquired with 2.3 3 2.3 3 10 mm 3 during a 225 msec acquisition window in patients confirms the findings and demonstrates the potential of compartmentbased k-t principal component analysis for highly accelerated three-dimensional perfusion imaging. Magn Reson Med 65:575-587,

Accelerated CMR perfusion imaging is clinically feasible and offers excellent diagnostic performance in detecting coronary stenosis.

The 3D-CMR stress perfusion provided high image quality and high diagnostic accuracy for the detection of significant CAD. The VOLUME(hypo) measurements were highly reproducible and allowed for the assessment of the treatment effect achievable by percutaneous coronary stenting.