No abstract

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">A straight septum is the exception rather than the rule. A deviated septum can be asymptomatic or can cause functional and cosmetic abnormality. Different surgeries have been proposed for correction of deviated septum but septoplasty has been the procedure of choice. Septoplasty is a more conservative surgery with fewer complications and endoscopic septoplasty has become increasingly popular over the last few decades. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This is a comparative study conducted at a tertiary care centre over a period of 1 year on 100 cases to compare the efficacy of endoscopic septoplasty with conventional septoplasty. 50 cases underwent conventional septoplasty while the other 50 cases underwent endoscopic septoplasty. Relief from pre-operative symptoms, anatomical correction of deformity and intraoperative/postoperative complications were studied.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Patients belonging to endoscopic septoplasty group showed better symptomatic relief and lesser incidence of complications when compared to the conventional septoplasty group. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Endoscopic septoplasty has better illumination and additional magnification which aid in accurate identification of pathology and precise excision of the deviated septal part. It is also useful for correction of posterior and high deviations of septum and for revision surgeries. Coventional septoplasty has got its own merits like dealing with situations in which septal damage is more and post trauma. Though better patient compliance, better relief from symptoms and lesser rate of complications give an edge for endoscopic over conventional septoplasty, both the procedures need to be done together in some situations to achieve optimal results.</span></p>

<p class="abstract">The study was undertaken to identify the type of laryngeal lesions, the age, sex distribution, symptomatology, sites of involvement, conservative and surgical management, histopathological analysis and outcome of the same. This is a prospective study conducted at a tertiary care centre for one and a half years. A total of 20 patients were included based on symptomatology such as hoarseness of voice, foreign body sensation, throat pain, and respiratory distress. All malignant cases were excluded. Hematological and radiological investigations, along with microlaryngoscopic procedures followed by histopathology, were employed. A male preponderance with an M: F ratio of 3:2 was observed. The majority of the patients were in the age group of 30 to 45 years. Vocal cord polyps were observed to be the commonest type of the lesion. A case of a bilobed concomitant tonsillar cyst of the larynx was the rarest encountered. In this study, hoarseness of voice, cough, foreign body sensation, and throat pain proved to be the commonest symptoms. Early diagnosis with routine clinical examination aided by radiological investigation such as contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) has proven to be useful in suspicious lesions of the larynx. Micro laryngeal surgery, voice rest, and postoperative speech therapy together offer a cost-effective and safe method for the management of benign laryngeal lesions.</p>

BACKGROUNDThyroglossal cysts are the most common cause of congenital cyst formation in the neck that may present at any age. Classically, it presents as an anterior midline neck swelling that moves with deglutition and protrusion of the tongue. Occasionally, thyroglossal cyst present clinically in atypical manner, which may pose a diagnostic challenge. MATERIALS AND METHODSPatients came to outpatient department with anterior neck swellings of the neck during the period from June 2014 till May 2015 were included in this study. Swellings of the thyroid gland are excluded. RESULTSA total of 10 patients were included in the study. All patients were found to be adults in our study out of them 8 were males (80%) and 2 were females (20%). The site of the cyst was infrahyoid in 9 cases and 1 case showed suprahyoid (Figure 6). Clinically, 8 cases (80%) showed classical midline cystic presentation and in two cases (20%) the cysts were presented in lateral neck up to the level of sternocleidomastoid muscle and movement with deglutition and protrusion of tongue was not appreciated. In these two cases, fine needle aspiration and ultrasound were inconclusive. In all patients, Sistrunk's operation was performed. Histopathological report in these two cases reported as thyroglossal cyst.

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The study of the aural polyp was undertaken to emphasize various causes of the aural polyp and to highlight the importance of histopathology in the management of these cases.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 50 patients who attended the ENT outpatient department with aural polyp were taken for the study. Aural polypectomy was done after clinical, radiological evaluation and examination under the microscope. Tissue was sent for histopathological examination.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The most common lesion was found to be Inflammatory polyp (50%), followed by cholesteatoma (30%), chronic non-specific inflammation (10%). Others included abscess (6%). One case each of squamous cell carcinoma and glomus were also reported.   </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Aural polypectomy, followed by histopathological examination, may uncover serious disease processes and will assist in planning further management in extensive diseases. Though inflammatory polyp is the most common cause, vascular and malignant tumors should also be considered while evaluating the case.</p>