Child abuse, a reprehensible act, pervades all strata of society. Dentists are more likely to encounter such cases in their daily practice. However, such cases usually go unreported due to lack of adequate knowledge. Practitioners flinch from reporting these due to various reasons, and this sets up a vicious cycle which traps the victim leading to grave long-term consequences. This review aims to collect all literature available on PubMed, PubMed Central, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Google search engines on the role of dentists in child abuse identification and information and summarize these details. The review will shed light on the identification of abuse in dental settings, the various legal recourses and organizations related to it, and how dentists can better equip themselves to tackle such cases if they come across one. The review also makes certain recommendations by which dentists and healthcare providers in general can better prepare themselves for such contingencies.
A bstract Context Type 1 diabetic children exhibit poorer oral health than general population. However, no oral health preventive protocol exists for attending to the oral health needs of such children. Aim To evaluate the effect of an oral health preventive protocol on salivary parameters and gingival health of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus over a period of 6 months. Materials and methods Fifty diabetic children, aged 6–12 years were selected and divided into two groups. Children in group I received a comprehensive oral health preventive protocol. The parameters recorded were oral hygiene practices, salivary flow rate, pH, buffer capacity, viscosity, electrolytes, and plaque and gingival indices. These were compared at baseline, 3-, and 6-month intervals. Statistical analysis Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS STATISTICS (version 22.0). Tests were based on the type of data. Results The intervention group (group I) showed favorable improvements in the parameters assessed. A greater number of participants adopted the correct oral hygiene methods. Unstimulated salivary flow rate increased from 0.36 ± 0.21 to 0.82 ± 0.16 mL/minute in group I and from 0.32 ± 0.24 to 0.58 ± 0.16 mL/minute in group II after 6 months ( p = 0.001). Salivary buffer capacity increased from 3.07 ± 2.64 to 10.40 ± 0.82 in group I while in group II, it improved from 3.20 ± 1.47 to 9.33 ± 1.44 ( p = 0.02). Salivary viscosity decreased in group I from 1.97 ± 0.42 to 1.15 ± 0.06 and from 1.97 ± 0.35 to 1.23 ± 0.11 in group II after 6 months ( p = 0.02). Gingival scores changed from 1.07 ± 0.35 to 0.20 ± 0.23 in group I and from 1.04 ± 0.28 to 0.85 ± 0.25 in group II ( p = 0.001). Conclusion The preventive protocol used in the present study showed a significant ( p < 0.05) improvement in the parameters assessed. How to cite this article Singh V, Gauba K, Goyal A, et al . Effect of an Oral Health Preventive Protocol on Salivary Parameters and Gingival Health of Children with Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(1):109–114.
This study aims to compare the efcacy of Ondansetron alone versus Combination of Ondansetron and Dexamethasone in terms of preventing Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting, Pain and duration of hospital stay. Material And Methods:Aprospective interventional randomized control study was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, SGT Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana. The randomization was done according to the standard methods to allocate the patients to either Group A(total 30 patients) receiving Ondansetron 4mg + 2ml normal saline (total of 3ml) intravenous (IV), 1 minute before induction of anesthesia and Group B (total 30 patients) receiving Ondansetron 4mg and Dexamethasone 8mg (total of 3ml) IV, 1 minute before induction of anesthesia. Adequate sample size of 60 patient fullling inclusion and exclusion criteria mentioned are studied. The data was collected in a pre-designed study proforma and statistical analysis was performed. The treatment and drug efcacy were compared between two groups in terms of postoperative nausea and vomiting, pain and duration of hospital stay. RESULT: The total incidence of post-op nausea and vomiting following administration of Dexamethasone along with ondansetron was 1 patient (3.3 %) whereas 15 patients (50%) in group where dexamethasone was not administered which is signicant. The 1 patient of Group B was a case of abdominal tuberculosis with brosis of stomach serosa. Marked relief in post-op pain and shorter hospital stay was observed in group B which was administered steroid. Conclusion: From this study, we can conclude that administration of steroid like dexamethasone along with Ondansetron has signicant role in prevention of post-op nausea and vomiting, pain and gives shorter hospital stay, making it a necessary step to be followed when performing Day-care Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.
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