Desempenho agronômico de genótipos de pinhão manso no Semiárido pernambucano
-Spondias mombin L. is a fruit tree from the American continent from the Anacardiaceae family. In Brazil it is common in different vegetation types but is more frequent in the Atlantic and Amazonian rainforests. It is economically important because of its fruits, which are widely consumed raw or processed as fruit jellies, juices and ice creams. The leaves have great importance in the pharmaceutical industry because of their antibacterial properties. In the state of Pernambuco, cajá tree is widely distributed in the Zona da Mata region and less frequently in the Agreste and Sertão areas. In this work diversity and genetic structure were studied in four populations of cajá tree from Pernambuco's Zona da Mata, Northeast Brazil, using isozymes polymorphism analyses from electrophoreses. The result showed 100% of polymorphism (P) for nine alleles (A)and the average of alleles per locus s was 2.4. The expected heterozygosity (H e )ranged from 0.530 to 0.574 and the observed heterozygosity (H o ), from 0.572 to 0.735. It was not observed inbreeding and the average F IT was -0.175, whereas within population inbreeding (f) varied from -0.08 to -0.37. The genetic divergence among the populations (F ST ) ranged from 0.006 to 0.028 and the average was 0.026. The average of estimated gene flow (Nm) was high (5.27). The CG-IPA population, corresponding to the germplasm collection of IPA, showed more than 96% of genetic similarity with other populations; therefore, it is a good representative of the existent genetic diversity in the Zona da Mata region. Index terms: Genetic diversity, germplasm conservation, isozymes. DIVERSIDADE E ESTRUTURA GENÉTICA DE POPULAÇÕES EM
ABSTRACT:The ethanolic extract of the trunk bark of Amburana cearensis (EEA) was examined for its oral (p.o.) analgesic activity at the doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. In the acetic acid-induced writhing test, the EEA (200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced the number of writhing by 33.4% and 40.7%, respectively. Additionally, EEA (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) decreased by 77.5%, 79.7 and 91.3%, respectively, the paw liking time in the second phase of the formalin test. Therefore, EEA showed a dose-dependent analgesic effect in formalin test and was effective in reducing writhing in mice.
RESUMO -Com o objetivo de avaliar a produção e distribuição de biomassa de algumas espécies arbóreas de múltiplo uso em condições de sequeiro do submédio do São Francisco, instalou-se um experimento no Campo Experimental da Caatinga da Embrapa Semi-Árido, Município de Petrolina, PE. Foram realizadas medições de altura e diâmetro à altura do peito (DAP) de 16 árvores centrais, em três parcelas de cada espécie: Leucaena diversifolia, Caesalpinia velutina, Caesalpinia coriaria, Mimosa tenuiflora e Ateleia herbert-smithii. A biomassa foi estimada com base na árvore de altura média de cada parcela, avaliando-se, separadamente, cada componente (folhas, galhos, cascas e lenho). A biomassa nos diferentes componentes arbóreos das espécies foi distribuída na seguinte ordem: folha
RESUMO -O objetivo deste trabalho foi construir um fenograma de trinta indivíduos de seis espécies de Spondias, amostradas em três diferentes locais, baseado em 120 marcadores AFLP das combinações de primers EcoR1/Mse1 para esclarecer as inter-relações entre as espécies, subsidiar a exploração das espécies como porta-enxerto e fornecer informações genômicas dessas espécies. O fenograma UPGMA do coeficiente de Jaccard apresentou boa definição, com valor co-fenético de 0,925 e localização externa de dois "outgroups" das espécies Mangifera indica e Schinopsis brasiliensis da família Anacardeaceae. Todos os indivíduos de S. cytherea, S. tuberosa e S. purpurea foram agrupados dentro de cada espécie, independentemente do local de amostragem, enquanto quatro dos seis indivíduos de Spondias sp (umbu-cajá) e S. mombin foram agrupadas, e outros dois indivíduos foram posicionados fora dos agrupamentos dessas espécies. Os dois indivíduos de Spondias sp (umbuguela) não se posicionaram próximos no fenograma. A posição do umbu-cajá e da umbuguela (PE) entre umbuzeiro e cajazeira, e similaridades entre 50% e 60% sugerem que as mesmas possam ser híbridas entre as duas espécies. O fenograma sugeriu que S. cytherea foi a espécie mais divergente das estudadas.Termos para indexação: Spondias tuberosa, fenograma, marcadores moleculares, DNA, AFLP, genética. GENETIC INTER-RELANTIONSHIPS AMONG SPECIES OF GENUS SPONDIAS BASED ON AFLP MARKERSABSTRACT -The goal of this study was to build a phenogram with thirty individuals of six Spondias species, sampled in three different locations, based on 120 AFLP markers of EcoR1/Mse1 primers combinations in order to clarify the inter-relationship among these species, to subside the establishment of economic grown of these species and to support genomic studies of these species. The UPGMA phenogram of Jaccard coefficient was supported by a cophenetic value of 0.925 and the outside location of the two outgroups species Mangifera indica and Schinopsis brasiliensis, from the Anacardiaceae family. All individuals of S. cytherea, S. tuberosa and S. purpurea were closely grouped independently of the sampling location, while four out six individuals of Spondias sp (umbu-cajá) and S. mombin were hold together and two other were placed outside of the groups. The two individuals of Spondias sp (umbuguela) were not closely positioned in the phenogram. The phenogram position of umbu-cajá and umbuguela, between S. tuberosa and S. mombin, and the percentage of similarities among 50 and 60% suggested that umbu-cajá and umbuguela could be hybrids of these two species. The produced phenogram suggested that S. cytherea was the most divergent Spondias species. Index terms: Spondias tuberosa, phenogram, molecular markers, DNA, AFLP, genetic. INTRODUÇÃOO gênero Spondias, pertencente à família Anacardeaceae, compreende cerca de 20 espécies, incluindo sete taxa nos Neotrópicos e cerca de 10 espécies nos trópicos da Ásia. Quase todas as espécies de Spondias têm um endocarpo fibroso e folíolos com veias intra-marginais. Não...
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