Purpose Production and consumption of textile garments contribute significantly to environment problems. The purpose of this paper is to perform the evaluation of textile waste generated at Lithuanian clothing enterprises based on statistical data analysis and business cases studies. Design/methodology/approach For the evaluation of real situation of waste generation in companies, an original methodology was developed and used during investigation. In order to get an overall view, statistical data of waste generation and management in Lithuania were also analysed. Waste accounting covered data such as wastes from unprocessed textile fibres and wastes from processed textile fibres and textiles (not otherwise specified). Findings The investigation showed that the amount of cutting waste reaches 20-25 per cent of the total quantity of materials used for production. It was found that the waste is not sorted in Lithuanian clothing enterprises and is disposed in landfills in most cases, notwithstanding the positive tendencies of recycling of waste that were observed during past year. However, a practical recycling strategy and broader perception of developing products with greater added value from waste are missing in Lithuania. Originality/value In this research, a simple methodology was developed for determining the quantity of the textile waste generated by enterprises, the introduction of which would allow us to expect better results in waste accounting and management. The results of investigation are useful to gain in-depth understanding of waste generation in various countries.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the influence made by complex finishing of denim fabrics, i.e. laser treatment and industrial washing, on the change in tension properties of fabric. Design/methodology/approach Test specimens were treated by a laser JG-10050. Lasers main technological parameters: maximum laser beam power is 65 W, laser types are hermetic and detached CO2, laser tube wavelength is 10.62 µm. The test specimens processed by different laser energy density have been exposed to industrial washing and their tensile characteristics have been investigated. Findings The results of the research have demonstrated that complex finishing reduces the breaking force; however, material extensibility remains almost unchanged. Mechanical behaviour and composition characteristics of fabric are determined both by laser motion direction in respect of warp or weft and laser energy density. Originality/value The carried-out analysis of scientific literature has shown that the effect of laser on the fabric surface is relevant both in scientific and practical terms: the scientific literature contains studies on absorptive properties of laser treated materials; however, the behaviour of materials after complex finishing has not been widely investigated thus far.
The constantly encouraged worldwide production and consumption of textile products is leading to an increase in wastes, which causes environmental problems. This research is aimed at identifying the present state of textile waste generation and treatment in Lithuania and compare the trends obtained with other EU countries. The investigation is based on statistical data of textile waste generation and management from 2009 to 2014 in Lithuania. Municipal textile wastes and those from the leather, fur and textile industries as well as other fields of this kind of waste generation were taken for analysis. On average, 6500 tonnes per year of total textile waste was generated during the period analysed. According to these data, Lithuania is in a middle position in comparison with other EU countries. A significant growth in the collection of municipal wastes is observed. From 2012, pre-consumer textile waste amounts to on average 32 percent of the total textile waste collected. The dominant practice of treatment was disposal in landfills, but an increasing tendency to recycle textile waste was observed. Nevertheless a great deal more effort should be made to promote the prevention of waste production and to achieve the average EU waste management indicators.
The woven fabrics structural mobility has some influence on the garment design and pattern construction. Deformation peculiarities during six textile fabrics extension were analysed in this work. Four of the tested fabrics had the elastane filaments in their structure. The method of parallelepiped shaped specimen uniaxial extension till fixed strain was used. The experiment was carrying out using a "Tinius Olsen HT10" tension machine. The specimens' deformation exceeds 14 %. The parallelepiped shape of specimen's was received by cut of its top and bottom edges with pitch of 16 degrees. The woven fabrics structure mobility was analyzed using strain-stress curves, numerical and graphical results. The results of this research work have shown that deformation peculiarities of the woven fabrics depend on their structural characteristics: density, thickness, wave and presence of elastane filaments. Taking into account the more considerable extensibility of elastane fibre the shearing phenomenon was not occurred finally during specimens' deformations. The results indicated that for the tested fabrics deformation till stated degree the force from 0.6 N till 9.4 N is necessary.
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