<p><em>Objetivo</em>: Construir, refinar, validar facialmente y de contenido dos instrumentos para medir la relación interpersonal enfermera-familia y enfermera-paciente adulto en la unidad de cuidado intensivo (UCI). <em>Método</em>: Estudio metodológico de abordaje cuantitativo, realizado por fases, para el diseño, validación facial, de contenido y refinamiento<br />de dos instrumentos. Se consideraron los criterios de redacción, gramática, cohesión y coherencia en la validez facial, y la pertinencia y concordancia de cada ítem en la validez de contenido. <em>Resultados</em>: Dos instrumentos; valoración de la relación interpersonal enfermera-paciente en la UCI (VRIEP-UCI) y valoración de la relación interpersonal enfermera-familia o acompañante del paciente en la UCI (VRIEF-UCI),<br />instrumentos a los cuales se les realizó validación facial mediante el juicio de 7 expertas, y de contenido mediante el coeficiente de concordancia de Kappa, superior a 0,50 con una fuerza de concordancia moderada según Landis y koch. Esto permitió ajuste en su diseño y refinamiento con mejor seguridad y exactitud. <em>Conclusión</em>: Esta investigación aporta dos instrumentos diseñados, validados y estructurados para la práctica del cuidado de enfermería en la UCI con población colombiana adulta, que<br />permiten crear evidencia al valorar en el cuidado la relación interpersonal entre la enfermera y el paciente, y entre la enfermera y la familia del paciente.</p>
Objective: Identify the hygiene habits of children and caregivers in order to prevent and control infectious diseases in care environments in Bogotá, Colombia, as well as characterize the surface bacteria in these environments. Method: Instruments were designed, validated and applied to evaluate healthy habits, with samples taken from surfaces in kitchens, bathrooms, halls, mats, and tools in 230 locations. Th e isolated bacteria were classifi ed using automated methodologies. Results: A total of 699 bacteria were isolated, with the largest growth percentage found in kitchens (36%). Th ese results are contrary to what was observed, where most of the kitchens appeared to be clean. In the survey, 93% of the caregivers reported washing their hands before handling food, and 23% said they used personal protection items when handling food. Conclusion: Th ere is a need for monitoring and interventions in hygiene and care habits in environments that care for children. DESCRIPTORSChild; Bacterial Infections; Hygiene; Infection Control; Infant Mortality; Pediatric Nursing. Characterization of hygiene habits and environments in children's care homesCaracterización de hábitos de higiene y ambientes en lugares de atención integral a población infantil Caracterização de hábitos de higiene e ambientes em locais de atenção integral na população infantil INTRODUCTIONEnvironmental conditions as a cause of disease among children is a relevant theme that has been extensively studied in recent years. In 2006, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that 24% of the disease burden can be attributed to environmental factors, and 36% of deaths in children is due to contaminants in the environment (1) . There are initiatives around the world that promote safe environments for children. UNICEF points out that sustainable development starts from early childhood with safe and healthy children through improvement of nutritional conditions, water quality, environmental sanitation and controls on harmful exposure to contaminants and toxic substances (2) . Factors such as direct transmission of infectious agents among children, inadequate hand hygiene, and indirect transmission through the environment, often cause children who go to daycare centers to get sick. Although most of the isolated bacteria in these environments are low in pathogens, a study on daycare environments showed positive culture results in 60% of the samples. Toys are among the fomites with the highest pathogen agent load, for which reason various strategies have been studied to reduce microorganism loads on these surfaces (3) . An effective measure for preventing infection is hand hygiene. However, the use of protocols by caregivers is low, and there are various reports regarding the effectiveness of this type of intervention (4) . Environment-related infections are more frequent in developing countries; children in these countries lose eight times more years of healthy life per inhabitant than in developed countries. This problem requires governments to promo...
Objetivo: determinar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento “Valoración de relaciones interpersonales enfermera-familia en Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (VRIEF-UCI)”. Materiales y método: estudio de tipo instrumental de cinco fases: i) validez de contenido a través de juicio de expertos,ii) validez de constructo Implementando análisis factorial exploratorio iii) validez de criterio analizando correlación con instrumento compatible teóricamente, iv) confiabilidad con el índice de correlación por mitades y v) análisis de dificultad/consistencia a través del modelo de Rasch. La muestra del pilotaje fue de 430 familiares de pacientes adultos internados en UCI de dos hospitales universitarios. La muestra para el juicio de expertos fue de 7 expertos. Resultados: el VRIEF-UCI mostró un índice de concordancia global de 0,96; la validez de constructo determinó que el instrumento es unidimensional con una varianza explicada de 68,6 % para un factor; la validez de criterio evidenció un índice de correlación con el criterio externo de 0,876; la confiabilidad del instrumento es determinada con un índice de confiabilidad por mitades de 0,90. El modelo de Rasch evidenció adecuados niveles de dificultad, lo que se traduce en una alta probabilidad de que los participantes desarrollen adecuadamente el instrumento (residuales cuadráticos medios de 0,99 y de ajuste estadístico estandarizado de -0,1 para ajuste interno, y residuales cuadráticos medios de 1,01 y de ajuste estadístico estandarizado de 0,1 para ajuste externo). Conclusiones: las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento VRIEF-UCI son adecuadas para la valoración de las relaciones interpersonales entre enfermera y familia en la unidad de cuidados intensivos.
The aim of this reflection article consists in proposing a methodology that makes visible the epistemic practice through abductive reasoning for the generation of knowledge from an experience of caring. For such, the work describes the connections between the science of nursing and inter-modernism, develops the idea of the nursing practice as source of knowledge, and defines the components of abductive reasoning for the practice. Finally, the work presents an academic exercise developed within the framework of the assignment Evaluation of the theory for research and practice in the PhD program in nursing at Universidad Nacional de Colombia on how a theory was developed from a situation of care and its scientific usefulness upon generating in patients a sense of fullness in their health and in nursing professionals, satisfaction with their work.
The aim of this reflection article consists in proposing a methodology that makes visible the epistemic practice through abductive reasoning for the generation of knowledge from an experience of caring. For such, the work describes the connections between the science of nursing and inter-modernism, develops the idea of the nursing practice as source of knowledge, and defines the components of abductive reasoning for the practice. Finally, the work presents an academic exercise developed within the framework of the assignment Evaluation of the theory for research and practice in the PhD program in nursing at Universidad Nacional de Colombia on how a theory was developed from a situation of care and its scientific usefulness upon generating in patients a sense of fullness in their health and in nursing professionals, satisfaction with their work.
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