Organic carbamates classically have been synthesized using harmful reagents like phosgene, its derivatives and carbon monoxide. Recently, carbon dioxide has been used as a cheap and harmless reagent as an alternative to harmful reagents for the synthesis of organic carbamates in gaseous, supercritical and electrochemical forms. The present review will deal the synthesis of organic carbamates from various starting materials from beginning to recent ones.

A quick, efficient, one-pot method for the synthesis of substituted N-aryl lactams through the reaction of various kinds of corresponding substituted arenes with a variety of ω-azido alkanoic acid chlorides using a Lewis acid (i.e. EtAlCl(2)) at room temperature, through the in situ involvement of a Friedel-Crafts reaction followed by intramolecular Schimdt rearrangement was developed, and afforded good to excellent yields.

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