The risk factors of depression and anxiety in infertility include: female sex, age over 30, lower level of education, lack of occupational activity, diagnosed male infertility and infertility duration of 3-6 years.

Introduction The World Health Organization defines infertility as inability to conceive despite regular sexual intercourse sustained for a period exceeding 12 months with no contraceptive methods. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of infertility on marital and sexual interactions among infertile couples. Methods Two hundred six infertile couples were qualified to the study as the research group. The control group consisted of 190 fertile couples. Main Outcome Measures A specific questionnaire was used as a research tool in this study. It included the sociodemographic part, infertility status, and validated scales: Polish version of Index of Marital Satisfaction and Index of Sexual Satisfaction. Statistica 6.0 (Medical University of Silesia; Katowice, Poland) was used in the statistical analysis. The statistical analysis made use of: Mann–Whitney U-test, chi-square with Yates’ continuity correction, ancova log-linear analysis of covariance, and logistic regression analysis. Results The study showed a significantly better partner relationship in female infertile as compared with female fertile. Clinically significant disorders of partnership stability were observed in 11.65% of studied women and in 20% of controls. Marital adjustment and sexual satisfaction were comparable among male groups. The probability of marital disorders increased with: age above 30 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.6), female sex (OR = 1.5), and lower education (OR = 1.7) among the study population. Diagnosed male factor and infertility duration of 3–6 years were connected with the highest relationship instability and the lowest sexual satisfaction both in female and male infertile. Conclusions The risk factors of marital dissatisfaction in infertility include: female sex, age over 30, lower education level, diagnosis of male infertility, and infertility duration of 3–6 years.

The risk groups for decreased QoL are infertile women and older subjects with lower education and occupationally inactive. Clinically relevant sexual disorders in the infertile population most frequently affect older men, with a lower educational level and with previously diagnosed male infertility.

Introduction The extent to which diabetes may influence sexuality has not yet been established. Identifying the risk factors of female sexual dysfunctions will facilitate the introduction of effective therapeutic models that aim to normalize the glycemic control and will enhance sexual functioning. Aims To evaluate the influence of diabetes mellitus on female sexual functions, behaviors and depressive symptoms as well as to establish the predictors for female sexual dysfunctions in diabetic subjects. Main Outcome Measures To asses reported female sexual dysfunctions by using Female Sexual Function Index in diabetic females. Methods A total of 544 females living in the upper Silesia region aged 18–55 years old were eligible for this questionnaire-based, retrospective, cross-section study. The study group included females with diabetes mellitus (N=264), regardless its type and duration; healthy non-diabetic subjects were controls. The Blatt-Kuppermann Index was used to evaluate climacteric symptoms, the Back Depression Inventory—to screen for depressive symptoms and the Female Sexual Function Index—for sexual dysfunction in female (FSD). Results Multiple logistic regression revealed that the risk of desire and arousal dysfunction was lower in respondents for whom having a satisfactory sexual life was extremely important compared to those for whom it was slightly important or not important at all (referent) (OR: 0.05 and 0.01, respectively). Respondents highly satisfied with sexual contacts with their partner were at lover risk of desire, arousal, and orgasmic disorders and FSD compared to referent subjects (OR: 0.12; 0.03; 0.01 and 0.03 respectively). Depressive symptoms were associated with higher prevalence of arousal disorders and FSD (OR: 13.6 and 3.57, respectively), diabetes—orgasmic dysfunctions (OR=10.1). Conclusions In women, the presence of diabetes is an independent predictor of orgasmic dysfunctions. However, the presence of depressive symptoms, individual perception of sexual needs and partner-related factors are stronger predictors of female sexual dysfunctions.

Physical activity is associated with less menopausal symptoms. It is important to encourage regular physical activity as it is beneficial to health and relieves menopausal symptoms.