We study a sensor node with an energy harvesting source. The generated energy can be stored in a buffer.The sensor node periodically senses a random field and generates a packet. These packets are stored in a queue and transmitted using the energy available at that time. We obtain energy management policies that are throughput optimal, i.e., the data queue stays stable for the largest possible data rate. Next we obtain energy management policies which minimize the mean delay in the queue. We also compare performance of several easily implementable sub-optimal energy management policies. A greedy policy is identified which, in low SNR regime, is throughput optimal and also minimizes mean delay.
We consider the problem of routing and centralized scheduling for IEEE 802.16 mesh networks. We first fix the routing, which reduces the network to a tree. We then present scheduling algorithms which provide per flow QoS (Quality of Service) guarantees to real and interactive data applications while utilizing the network resources efficiently. Our algorithms are also scalable: they do not require per flow processing and queueing and the computational requirements are minimal. We also discuss admission control policies which ensure that sufficient resources are available. We have verified our algorithms via extensive simulations.
Abstract-We provide analytical models for capacity evaluation of an infrastructure IEEE 802.11 based network carrying TCP controlled file downloads or full-duplex packet telephone calls. In each case the analytical models utilize the attempt probabilities from a well known fixed-point based saturation analysis. For TCP controlled file downloads, following [3], we model the number of wireless stations (STAs) with ACKs as a Markov renewal process embedded at packet success instants. In our work, analysis of the evolution between the embedded instants is done by using saturation analysis to provide state dependent attempt probabilities. We show that in spite of its simplicity, our model works well, by comparing various simulated quantities, such as collision probability, with values predicted from our model. Next we consider N constant bit rate VoIP calls terminating at N STAs. We model the number of STAs that have an uplink voice packet as a Markov renewal process embedded at so called channel slot boundaries. Analysis of the evolution over a channel slot is done using saturation analysis as before. We find that again the AP is the bottleneck, and the system can support (in the sense of a bound on the probability of delay exceeding a given value) a number of calls less than that at which the arrival rate into the AP exceeds the average service rate applied to the AP. Finally, we extend the analytical model for VoIP calls to determine the call capacity of an 802.11b WLAN in a situation where VoIP calls originate from two different types of coders. We consider N1 calls originating from Type 1 codecs and N2 calls originating from Type 2 codecs. For G711 and G729 voice coders, we show that the analytical model again provides accurate results in comparison with simulations.Index Terms-TCP throughput on WLAN, VoIP on WLAN, capacity of WLAN, performance modeling of DCF.
Energy harvesting sensor nodes are gaining popularity due to their ability to improve the network life time and are becoming a preferred choice supporting "green communication". In this paper we focus on communicating reliably over an AWGN channel using such an energy harvesting sensor node. An important part of this work involves appropriate modeling of the energy harvesting, as done via various practical architectures. Our main result is the characterization of the Shannon capacity of the communication system. The key technical challenge involves dealing with the dynamic (and stochastic) nature of the (quadratic) cost of the input to the channel. As a corollary, we find close connections between the capacity achieving energy management policies and the queueing theoretic throughput optimal policies.
Abstract-IEEE 802.16 standards for Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (WMANs) include a mesh mode of operation for improving the coverage and throughput of the network. In this paper, we consider the problem of routing and centralized scheduling for such networks. We first fix the routing, which reduces the network to a tree. We then present a finite horizon dynamic programming framework. Using it we obtain various scheduling algorithms depending upon the cost function. Next we consider simpler suboptimal algorithms and compare their performances.
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