Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) of bioprosthetic valves is extremely rare. We report a 67‐year‐old lady with early bioprosthetic “failure” that at reoperation was proven to be NBTE. The choice of a prosthesis in this condition may have implications for patients’ late clinical course.
Death associated with untreated hypothyroidism with no overt cardiovascular dysfunction is a rare occurrence and is usually classified as unexplained. Degenerative changes in the myocardium associated with hypothyroidism have not been reported in the English language literature since 1957. Historically, this was referred to as myxedema heart disease. This is a case report of untreated Hashimoto's thyroiditis resulting in marked histological changes associated with cardiac dysfunction causing death.
staging imaging, and the patient was started on treatment with pembrolizumab. A review of the existing literature showed approximately 45 case reports to date, with the first in 1901. Treatment approaches have been varied, with surgery as a mainstay, either alone or with adjuvant chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Prognosis is generally accepted to be poor. Characterisation of molecular features has been limited. Given the rarity of this entity, there is no consensus for standard therapy, and evidence to date is largely anecdotal.
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