Background:Glomus tumours are rare vascular tumours arising subungually in fingernails. Surgical excision provides histopathologic diagnosis and rapid resolution of symptoms.Objective:Present study was aimed at delineating common presentations and long-term treatment outcome of this rare subungual tumour. Patients and Methods: The clinical features and imaging results for 10 patients with subungual glomus tumours were recorded. All were treated with transungual excision. Per-operative findings and, treatment outcomes were recorded and analysed.Results:Females outnumbered males with average age being 33.3 ± 7.55 years. Presenting symptoms were severe pain (100%); nail-plate discoloration and onycholysis. X-ray was normal in 70%, though a magnetic resonance imaging done for five, helped visualise the lesion in three patients. The tumour involved nail bed in five cases and matrix in five, with an average size being 6.1 ± 2.13 mm (range 3-11 mm). An average follow-up of 16.8 months (range 8-24 months) was largely uneventful with longitudinal ridging in two cases and recurrence in two (both attributed to a sister lesion).Conclusion:Subungual glomus tumours have characteristic clinical presentation. Imaging is helpful pre-operatively but has a low success rate. Transungual surgical excision is safe and effective, allowing better visualisation, easy exploration and minimal long-term complications.

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Background. Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is common cause of hospital acquired renal failure, defined as iatrogenic deterioration of renal function following intravascular contrast administration in the absence of another nephrotoxic event. Objectives. Objectives were to calculate incidence of CIN with routine IV contrast usage and to identify its risk factors. Materials and Methods. Study was conducted on 250 patients (having eGFR ≥ 45 mL/min/1.73 m2) receiving intravenous contrast. Various clinical risk factors and details of contrast media were recorded. Patients showing 25% increase in postprocedural serum creatinine value or an absolute increase of 0.5 mg/dL (44.2 mmol/L) were diagnosed as having CIN. Results and Conclusions. Postprocedural serum creatinine showed significant increase from baseline levels. 25 patients (10%) developed CIN. CIN was transient in 21 (84%) patients developing CIN. One patient (4%) developed renal failure and another died due to unknown cause. Dehydration, preexisting renal disease, cardiac failure, previous contrast administration, and volume of contrast had significant correlation with development of CIN (p < 0.05); whereas demographic variables, baseline serum creatinine/eGFR, previous renal surgery, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, nephrotoxic drug intake, abnormal routine hematology, and contrast characteristics had no correlation with CIN. CIN is a matter of concern even in routine imaging requiring intravenous contrast media, in our set-up.

PurposeThis study evaluates whether LUS can differentiate between bacterial and viral pneumonia in children and thus affect their management.MethodsThe prospective, cross‐sectional, analytical study included 200 children under 12 years of age (excluding neonates) with clinical suspicion of pneumonia who had undergone a chest radiograph (CR). The CR and LUS findings were classified as bacterial or viral pneumonia. The final diagnosis was made on the basis of a combination of clinical profile, available routine laboratory investigations and CR diagnosis which was taken as the gold standard for the study and LUS was compared with the gold standard.ResultsLUS has a high sensitivity (91%; 95% CI [84‐96]) and specificity (91.3%; 95% CI [84‐96]) in diagnosing bacterial pneumonia with a high positive predictive value (91.9%; 95% CI [85‐96]) and negative predictive value (90.3%; 95% CI [82‐95]). For diagnosing viral pneumonia, the sensitivity of LUS was 78.4%; (95% CI [68‐86]), specificity was high (90.4%; 95% CI [83‐95]) and so was the positive predictive value (87.3%; 95% CI [78‐94]) and negative predictive value (91.3%; 95% CI [84‐96]).ConclusionLUS has a high accuracy in differentiating between bacterial and viral pneumonia in children and can help in their management by avoiding an ill‐advised use of antibiotic therapy.

BACKGROUND: Lately, Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma (FAST) is preferred over diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) as adjunct to primary survey. However, this is not evidence-based as there has been no randomized trial.

A 29-year-old gentleman underwent a transverse colostomy for intestinal obstruction caused by advanced rectal carcinoma. On the 5(th) postoperative day, the patient developed a painful swelling on the right side of the abdomen. The contrast enhanced computed tomography of the abdomen revealed a right sided hydronephrosis, a large rent in the renal pelvis, and a large retroperitoneal fluid collection on the right side. Percutaneous nephrostomy and pigtail catheter drainage of the urinoma led to resolution of abdominal swelling. Development of a urinoma as a consequence of rectal carcinoma is highly unusual. Prompt imaging for confirmation of diagnosis, decompression of the renal pelvicalyceal system, and drainage of the urinoma limits morbidity.

Intra-abdominal calcification is uncommon in newborns and has several causes of which meconium peritonitis is the most frequent. Three neonates with intra-abdominal calcification as a complication of meconium peritonitis are presented. The types of meconium peritonitis were cystic, meconium pseudocyst and meconium ascites. Two required surgical intervention. Meconium peritonitis should be considered in newborns with intra-abdominal calcification.

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