No abstract

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é verificar a influência do desempenho físico na mortalidade, funcionalidade e satisfação com a vida de idosos. Foi realizado o seguimento de 900 idosos brasileiros não hospitalizados entre os anos de 2008 e 2016, no qual foram incluídos na análise de sobrevivência 154 óbitos por causas naturais. Os piores desempenhos de força de preensão manual (R.R. = 1,60; IC 95% = 1,15-2,23; p = 0,005) e de velocidade usual de marcha (R.R. = 1,82; IC 95% = 1,30-2,55; p < 0,001) associaram-se com o aumento do risco de mortalidade. A idade foi um fator de confusão para a força (R.R. = 1,06; IC 95% = 1,03-1,09; p < 0,001) e a artrite reumatoide foi um fator de confusão para a velocidade (R.R. = 2,02; IC 95% = 1,36-3,01; p < 0,001). Os idosos com bom desempenho físico faziam mais atividades instrumentais e avançadas da vida diária, e o bom desempenho de marcha apresentou efeito significativo na satisfação com a vida (F = 6,87; p = 0,009). O bom desempenho físico parece ser fundamental para a longevidade e para a realização de tarefas do cotidiano. Além disso, a boa mobilidade pode afetar mecanismos relacionados à satisfação com a vida.

Introduction: Although previous studies have characterized the sociodemographic profile and physical activity level of older people at the Universities of the Third Age (Unati - Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade), there are research gaps regarding the relationship of these variables with the psychological aspects and the quality of life. Objective: To assess the relationship between sociodemographic and psychological variables, physical activity level and quality of life (QoL) in older people at Unati in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. Method: This is a cross-sectional study that recruited 116 older participants of both gender, aged between 60 and 89 years. They were submitted to the following tests: the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), the Wagnild & Young’s Resilience Scale (RS), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), the WHOQOL BREF, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ20) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The data were analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov, chi-squared, Fisher’s exact, t- and Mann-Whitney U tests, as well as the generalized linear models. Results: Self-esteem was associated with age, income, schooling level, membership time, and the psychological domain of the WHOQOL-BREF (p < 0.05). Resilience was associated with the schooling level and the psychological domain of the WHOQOL-BREF (p < 0.05), and the self-efficacy with the psychological domain of the WHOQOL-BREF. Common mental disorders were related to the physical and psychological domains of the WHOQOL-BREF, as well as the self-efficacy and being male. The physical activity level showed no correlation with the psychological aspects and the sociodemographic variables studied (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The sociodemographic variables influence emotional aspects, particularly older people’s self-esteem and resilience at Unati. Additionally, the psychological domain of the WHOQOL-BREF was a predictor of all the emotional variables in this sample.

Background and Objectives: Evidence suggests that the failure of epidemiological control impedes the resumption of socioeconomic activities.  Therefore, this study aimed to describe epidemiological aspects and the pattern of mobility on each continent and to verify the association between the COVID-19 infection rate and time spent at home. Methods: We analyzed reports from Global Positioning System of 97 countries and their epidemiological indicators until May 27, 2020. Results: Cases of COVID-19 ranged from 22 to 1,745,803, and deaths ranged from 0 to 102,107. The highest rates per 100,000 population were observed in Europe and America. Approximately 54% of COVID-19 cases occurred in America and 51% of deaths in Europe. Countries reduced mobility in retail and recreation (-43.45%±20.42%), grocery and pharmacy (-17.95%±20.82%), parks (-18.77%±37.34%), transit stations (-43.09%±20.31%), workplaces (-21.74%±19.92%), and increased time spent at home (13.00%±8.80%). Linear regression showed that European inhabitants stayed at home less when compared those on the American continent (β=-4.933, SE=0.976, p<.001). In addition, every unit increase in the infection rate per 100,000 population increased 0.005 points in the mean time spent at home (β=0.005, SE=0.001, p<.001). Conclusions: We provide evidence that increased infection rate of COVID-19 is associated with increased length of stay at home. As a main lesson, COVID-19 showed that in the absence of pharmacological resources, government authorities need to act quickly to contain the spread of infectious diseases.

Para conhecer repercussões da pandemia da covid-19, investigamos a associação entre atividade física e aspectos emocionais de idosos. Para isso, 101 pessoas com 60 anos ou mais responderam a um questionário on-line, via Google Forms. Identificamos que 45,5% dos entrevistados pioraram o desempenho físico, enquanto 11% relataram melhora da aptidão física durante a pandemia. Os exercícios físicos mais praticados foram caminhada (54,5%) e musculação (21,8%). Sobre a mobilidade, as atividades mais frequentes foram ir ao mercado (76,2%), caminhar na vizinhança (64,4%) e sair para tomar sol (61,4%). O Modelo Linear Generalizado mostrou que a piora do desempenho físico foi associada aos níveis mais altos de sofrimento emocional (b=4,35; IC 95%: 1,31-7,11; p=0,003). Os nossos resultados indicam que a melhora do desempenho físico gera repercussões positivas sobre aspectos emocionais de idosos, reforçando a importância da prática regular de exercícios físicos, mesmo em um período de pandemia.